A novel 3-D organotypic culture model by co-culturing alpha-SMA positive CAF and cholangiocarcinoma cells in a collagen matrix

The increased -smooth muscle-actin positive cancer-associated fibroblastic cells (CAF) in the desmoplastic stroma may relate to a more aggressive cancer and worse survival outcomes for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients

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Campbell DJ, Dumur CI, Lamour NF, Dewitt JL, Sirica AE