Genomic Pathways of 17-beta-Estradiol Induced Malignant Cell Transformation in Human Breast Epithelial Cells

The estrogen-dependence of breast cancer has long been recognized, however, the role of 17-estradiol (E2) in cancer initiation was not known until we demonstrated that it induces complete neoplastic transformation of the human breast epithelial cells MCF-10F. E2-treatment of MCF-10F cells progressively induced high colony efficiency and loss of ductulogenesis in early transformed (trMCF) cells and invasiveness in Matrigel invasion chambers. The cells that

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Huang Y, Fernandez SV, Goodwin S, Russo PA, Russo IH, Sutter TR, Russo J