The effects of 7.5 micromolar parthenolide (PTL) were assessed on primary CD34+ acute myelogenous leukemia specimens obtained from 12 patients.
Discovery of agents that eradicate leukemia stem cells using an in silico screen of public gene expression data.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesDecreased mitochondrial mass and function in muscle of diabetic patients is associated with low PGC-1alpha, a transcriptional coactivator of the mitochondrial gene program. To investigate whether reduced PGC-1alpha and oxidative capacity in muscle directly contributes to age-related glucose intolerance, we compared the genetic signatures and metabolic profiles of aging mice lacking muscle PGC-1alpha. Microarray analysis revealed that a significant proportion of PGC-1alpha-dependent changes in gene expression overlapped with age-associated effects, and aging muscle and muscle lacking PGC-1alpha shared gene signatures of impaired electron transport chain activity and TGFbeta signalling.
Loss of Pgc-1α expression in aging mouse muscle potentiates glucose intolerance and systemic inflammation.
Specimen part
View SamplesGenes are up and down regualted in DRG and spinal dorsal cord after peripheral nerve injury Overall design: WT male adult with sciatic and femoral nerve transection 7 days, RNA was purified from ipilateral or contralateral L4-L6 DRGs or lumbar spinal dorsal cords
Injured sensory neuron-derived CSF1 induces microglial proliferation and DAP12-dependent pain.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesCompare the expression pattern of 17b-estradiol responsive genes in parent, OHT-resistant and ICI-resistant breast cancer cells.
Diverse gene expression and DNA methylation profiles correlate with differential adaptation of breast cancer cells to the antiestrogens tamoxifen and fulvestrant.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesIntralocus sexual conflict, where males and females have different fitness optima for the same trait, has been suggested to potentially be resolved by genomic imprinting, whereby expression in offspring is altered according to parent-of-origin. However, this idea has not yet been empirically tested. Here, we designed an experimental evolution protocol in Drosophila melanogaster which enabled us to look for imprinting effects on the X-chromosome. We enforced father-to-son transmission of the X-chromosome for many generations, and compared fitness and gene expression levels between control males, males with a control X-chromosome that had undergone one generation of father-son transmission (CDX), and males with an X-chromosome that had undergone many generations of father-son transmission (MLX). Although fitness differences were consistent with lowered fitness of males with a paternally inherited X-chromosome, expression differences suggested that this was due to deleterious maternal effects rather than imprinting. We conclude that imprinting is unlikely to resolve intralocus sexual conflict in Drosophila melanogaster.
Epigenetics and sex-specific fitness: an experimental test using male-limited evolution in Drosophila melanogaster.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesDifferentiation of haematopoietic stem cells followsa hierarchical program of transcription-factor regulated events. Early myeloid cell differentiation is dependent on PU.1 and CEBPA (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha), late myeloid differentiation is orchestrated by CEBPE (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein epsilon). The influence of SWI/SNF (SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable) chromatin remodelling factors as novel master regulators of haematopoietic differentiation is only beginning to be explored. Here, we identified three homozygous loss-of-function mutations in SMARCD2 (SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily d, member 2), a member of the SWI/SNF complex, in three unrelated pedigrees. We find that SMARCD2-deficient hematopoiesis results in dysfunctional neutrophil granulocytes, characterized by specific granule deficiency, myelodysplasia, and an excess of blast cells. We can show that SMARCD2 controls early steps in the differentiation of myeloid-erythroid progenitor cells in mice and zebra fish. In vitro SMARCD2 interacts with the transcription factor CEBPE. Furthermore, we find that SMARCD2 controls expression of neutrophil proteins stored in specific granules and leads to transcriptional and chromatin changes in AML cells. Hence, we identify SMARCD2 as a key factor controlling myelopoiesis and as a potential tumour suppressor in leukemia. Overall design: We analyzed CD45.2+ Lin- Mac+/low Sca1+ cKit+ (LSK) cells from Smarcd2 wild-type, heterozygous and mutant foetal livers in at least 5 replicates Additionally, we analysed three different progenitor populations from Smarcd2 wild-type and homozygous knock-out foetal livers: CD45+Lin-Sca-1-CD177+CD34lowCD16/32 (FCGR)low(MEP) CD45+Lin-Sca-1-CD177+CD34+CD16/32(FCGR)int (CMP) CD45+Lin-Sca-1-CD177+CD34+CD16/32(FCGR)high (GMP)
Chromatin-remodeling factor SMARCD2 regulates transcriptional networks controlling differentiation of neutrophil granulocytes.
Sex, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common cause of anovulatory infertility, is characterized by increased ovarian androgen production, arrested follicle development, and is frequently associated with insulin resistance. These PCOS phenotypes are associated with exaggerated ovarian responsiveness to FSH and increased pregnancy loss. To examine whether the perturbations in follicle growth and the intrafollicular environment affects development of the mature PCOS oocyte, genes that are differentially expressed in PCOS compared to normal oocytes were defined using microarray analysis. This analysis detected approximately 8000 transcripts. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis revealed differences in global gene expression profiles between normal and PCOS oocytes. 374 genes had a statistically-significant increase or decrease in mRNA abundance in PCOS oocytes. A subset of these genes was associated with chromosome alignment and segregation during mitosis and/or meiosis, suggesting that increased mRNAs for these proteins may negatively affect oocyte maturation and/or early embryonic development. Of the 374 differentially expressed genes, 68 contained putative androgen receptor, retinoic acid receptor, and/or peroxisome proliferating receptor gamma binding sites, including 9 of the genes involved in chromosome alignment and segregation. These analyses demonstrated that normal and PCOS oocytes that are morphologically indistinguishable and of high quality exhibit different gene expression profiles. Furthermore, altered mRNA levels in the PCOS oocyte may contribute to defects in meiosis and/or mitosis which might impair oocyte competence for early development and therefore contribute to poor pregnancy outcome in PCOS.
Molecular abnormalities in oocytes from women with polycystic ovary syndrome revealed by microarray analysis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRaw expression values (CHP data) for transcriptional profiling of the response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to challenges with lactic acid at pH 3 and pH 5.
Physiological and transcriptional responses to high concentrations of lactic acid in anaerobic chemostat cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesPostnatal handling in rodents leads to decreased anxiety-like behavior in adulthood. We used microarrays to look at gene expression differences in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in female mice subjected to postnatal handling compared to controls.
Variation in the large-scale organization of gene expression levels in the hippocampus relates to stable epigenetic variability in behavior.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesAcute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe syndrome affecting more than 200,000 patients annually in the U.S. New studies are needed to understand the biological and clinical mechanisms that impair alveolar epithelial function. Also, innovative therapies are needed for the resolution of pulmonary edema in ARDS. We and other investigators have reported that bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are effective in preclinical models of ALI due to their ability to secrete several paracrine factors that can regulate lung endothelial and epithelial permeability, including growth factors, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and antimicrobial peptides. So in this study we will test the therapeutic value of human MSCs in an in vitro model of acute lung injury induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Human Mesenchymal Stem (Stromal) Cells Promote the Resolution of Acute Lung Injury in Part through Lipoxin A4.
Specimen part
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