Heritable differences in gene expression between individuals are an important source of phenotypic variation. The question of how closely the effects of genetic variation on protein levels mirror those on mRNA levels remains open. Here, we addressed this question by using ribosomal footprinting to examine how genetic differences between two strains of the yeast S. cerevisiae affect translation. Strain differences in translation were observed for hundreds of genes, more than half as many as showed genetic differences in mRNA levels. Similarly, allele specific measurements in the diploid hybrid between the two strains found roughly half as many cis-acting effects on translation as were observed for mRNA levels. In both the parents and the hybrid, strong effects on translation were rare, such that the direction of an mRNA difference was typically reflected in a concordant footprint difference. The relative importance of cis and trans acting variation on footprint levels was similar to that for mRNA levels. Across all expressed genes, there was a tendency for translation to more often reinforce than buffer mRNA differences, resulting in footprint differences with greater magnitudes than the mRNA differences. Finally, we catalogued instances of premature translation termination in the two yeast strains. Overall, genetic variation clearly influences translation, but primarily does so by subtly modulating differences in mRNA levels. Translation does not appear to create strong discrepancies between genetic influences on mRNA and protein levels. Overall design: Ribsosomal footprinting and RNASeq in the two yeast strains BY and RM as well as their diploid hybrid. We generated one library each for the BY and RM parents, and two libraries (biological replicates) for the hybrid data.
Genetic influences on translation in yeast.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesEmbryonic chicken telencephalon nuclei were isolated for RNAseq to identify transcripts differentially expressed across different brain regions.
Neocortical Association Cell Types in the Forebrain of Birds and Alligators.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesNociceptive neurons develop a complex dendritic arbor to sense noxious stimuli, which enables animals to react to environmental insults and perform self-protective behaviours. The genetic programs controlling neuronal dendritic morphogenesis are poorly understood. In C. elegans, the PVD sensory neuron generates a complex dendritic arbor that envelops the body of the animal. This nociceptive neuron enables study of dendrite formation in vivo.
Time-lapse imaging and cell-specific expression profiling reveal dynamic branching and molecular determinants of a multi-dendritic nociceptor in C. elegans.
Specimen part
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Alteration of Gene Expression, DNA Methylation, and Histone Methylation in Free Radical Scavenging Networks in Adult Mouse Hippocampus following Fetal Alcohol Exposure.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesMouse models of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder can be used to assess molecular changes underlying the disorder. Neonatal ethanol exposure in mice can be used to model third trimester ethanol exposure in humans.
Alteration of Gene Expression, DNA Methylation, and Histone Methylation in Free Radical Scavenging Networks in Adult Mouse Hippocampus following Fetal Alcohol Exposure.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesPlasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are an immune subset devoted to the production of high amounts of type 1 interferons in response to viral infections. While conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) originate mostly from a common dendritic cell progenitor (CDP), pDCs have been shown to develop from both CDPs and common lymphoid progenitors (CLP). Here we found that pDCs developed predominantly from IL7R+ lymphoid progenitor cells. Expression of SiglecH and Ly6D defined pDC lineage commitment along the lymphoid branch. Transcriptional characterization of SiglecH+Ly6D+ precursors indicated that pDC development requires high expression of the transcription factor IRF8, while pDC identity relies on TCF4. RNA sequencing of IL7R+ lymphoid and CDP-derived pDCs mirrored the heterogeneity of mature pDCs observed by single-cell analysis. Both mature pDC subsets are able to secrete type 1 interferons, but only myeloid-derived pDCs share with cDCs their ability to process and present antigen. Overall design: Bulk RNA Seq was performed from sort purified DN, SP and DP lymphoid progenitors and BM pDCs of 4 individual mice
Distinct progenitor lineages contribute to the heterogeneity of plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesDetermining which genes are expressed in mechanoreceptor-rich tissue (pedicel) compared mechanoreceptor-poor tissue (capitellum) and a neuronal subtraction control (thoracic ganglion) in Drosophila melanogaster
A doublecortin containing microtubule-associated protein is implicated in mechanotransduction in Drosophila sensory cilia.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesPlasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are an immune subset devoted to the production of high amounts of type 1 interferons in response to viral infections. While conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) originate mostly from a common dendritic cell progenitor (CDP), pDCs have been shown to develop from both CDPs and common lymphoid progenitors (CLP). Here we found that pDCs developed predominantly from IL7R+ lymphoid progenitor cells. Expression of SiglecH and Ly6D defined pDC lineage commitment along the lymphoid branch. Transcriptional characterization of SiglecH+Ly6D+ precursors indicated that pDC development requires high expression of the transcription factor IRF8, while pDC identity relies on TCF4. RNA sequencing of IL7R+ lymphoid and CDP-derived pDCs mirrored the heterogeneity of mature pDCs observed by single-cell analysis. Both mature pDC subsets are able to secrete type 1 interferons, but only myeloid-derived pDCs share with cDCs their ability to process and present antigen. Overall design: BM and splenic pDCs were sorted from 3 mice and 3000 cells/sample were used for single cell RNA Seq (10x genomics)
Distinct progenitor lineages contribute to the heterogeneity of plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesTranscriptional profiling of histone methyltransferase SUV39H1-selective small molecule inhibitor F5446-induced genes in human colon carcinoma cells. Tumor cells were treated with F5446 for 48h and used for RNA isolation. The treated cells were compared to untreated control cells. The objective is to identify genes that are regulated by H3K9me3 in the metastatic human colon carcinoma cells.
SUV39H1 regulates human colon carcinoma apoptosis and cell cycle to promote tumor growth.
Treatment
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Network analysis of skin tumor progression identifies a rewired genetic architecture affecting inflammation and tumor susceptibility.
Sex
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