Summary: Melanoma spheroids grown under neural crest cell conditions are highly plastic migratory/invasive tumor cells endowed with immunomodulator function
Melanoma spheroids grown under neural crest cell conditions are highly plastic migratory/invasive tumor cells endowed with immunomodulator function.
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View SamplesThoracic perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a unique adipose depot that likely influences vascular function and susceptibility to pathogenesis in obesity and metabolic syndrome. Surprisingly, PVAT has been reported to share characteristics of both brown and white adipose, but a detailed direct comparison to interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) has not been performed. Here we show by full genome DNA microarray analysis that global gene expression profiles of PVAT are virtually identical to BAT, with equally high expression of Ucp-1, Cidea and other genes known to be uniquely or very highly expressed in BAT. PVAT and BAT also displayed nearly identical phenotypes upon immunohistochemical analysis, and electron microscopy confirmed that PVAT contained multilocular lipid droplets and abundant mitochondria. Compared to white adipose tissue (WAT), PVAT and BAT from C57BL/6 mice fed a high fat diet for 13 weeks had markedly lower expression of immune cell-enriched mRNAs, suggesting resistance to obesity-induced inflammation. Indeed, staining of BAT and PVAT for macrophage markers (F4/80, CD68) in obese mice showed virtually no macrophage infiltration, and FACS analysis of BAT confirmed the presence of very few CD11b+/CD11c+ macrophages in BAT (1.0%) in comparison to WAT (31%). In summary, murine PVAT from the thoracic aorta is virtually identical to interscapular BAT, is resistant to diet-induced macrophage infiltration, and thus may play an important role in protecting the vascular bed from thermal and inflammatory stress.
Similarity of mouse perivascular and brown adipose tissues and their resistance to diet-induced inflammation.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesClinical study of critically ill patients with sepsis and sepsis-related ARDS with whole blood RNA collected within the first 24 hours of admission
Increased expression of neutrophil-related genes in patients with early sepsis-induced ARDS.
Sex, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesEstrogens and progesterone control mammary gland development and breast carcinogenesis via their cognate receptors expressed in a subset of cells of the luminal layer of the mammary epithelium. The extracellular matrix (ECM) including the basement membrane (BM) is important in breast physiology and tumorigenesis but how epithelial hormone receptor signaling and ECM are linked mechanistically is unclear. We identify the secreted protease Adamts18 as critical intermediary. Luminal estrogen and progesterone receptor signaling via upregulation of Wnt4 expression and ensuing canonical Wnt signaling activation in basal cells control Adamts18 expression there. The protease has an epithelial-intrinsic role in stem cell activation. We identify multiple binding partners in the interstitial ECM and BM and show that ADAMTS18 cleaves fibronectin in vitro. Its deletion results in increased fibronectin, collagen I and IV, and laminin deposition in pubertal glands. Adamts18 interacts genetically with Col18a1, which encodes a proteoglycan that is BM-specific, in stem cell regulation. Adamts18 inactivation impairs Hippo signaling and reduces Fgfr2 expression and signaling, which are vital for stem cell function. Our findings link epithelial hormone signaling to BM remodeling by Adamts18, and define the BM as an essential stem cell niche component.
The secreted protease Adamts18 links hormone action to activation of the mammary stem cell niche.
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View SamplesSIRT3 is a mitochondrial NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase, which regulates the enzymatic activity of several mitochondrial proteins.
SIRT3 deficiency and mitochondrial protein hyperacetylation accelerate the development of the metabolic syndrome.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesAssessment of mRNA expression levels in fat biopsies from subcutaneous adipose tissue from unrelated individuals.
Galanin preproprotein is associated with elevated plasma triglycerides.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe STOX1 transcription factor has been involved in a complex human disease of pregnancy, preeclampsia, in human families, and mouse models. However, its mode of action is still largely unknown. Overexpression of either the long (STOX1A) or the short (STOX1B) isoform was obtained in the BeWo villous trophoblast model, a cell line able to fuse in syncytiotrophoblast following induction by forskolin treatment. The effects at the transcriptional level are evaluated in every condition.
Molecular Mechanisms of Trophoblast Dysfunction Mediated by Imbalance between STOX1 Isoforms.
Cell line, Treatment
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