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GSE19684
Mus musculus
14 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
The morphogen and mitogen, Sonic Hedgehog, activates a Gli1-dependent transcription program that drives proliferation of granule neuron progenitors (GNPs) within the external germinal layer of the postnatally developing cerebellum. Medulloblastomas with mutations activating the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway preferentially arise within the external germinal layer, and the tumor cells closely resemble GNPs. Atoh1/Math1, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor essential for GNP histogenesis, does not induce medulloblastomas when expressed in primary mouse GNPs that are explanted from the early postnatal cerebellum and transplanted back into the brains of nave mice. However, enforced expression of Atoh1 in primary GNPs enhances the oncogenicity of cells overexpressing Gli1 by almost three orders of magnitude. Unlike Gli1, Atoh1 cannot support GNP proliferation in the absence of Sonic Hedgehog signaling and does not govern expression of canonical cell cycle genes. Instead, Atoh1 maintains GNPs in a Sonic Hedgehog-responsive state by regulating genes that trigger neuronal differentiation, including many expressed in response to bone morphogenic protein-4. Therefore, by targeting multiple genes regulating the differentiation state of GNPs, Atoh1 collaborates with the pro-proliferative Gli1-dependent transcriptional program to influence medulloblastoma development.
Publication Title
Atoh1 inhibits neuronal differentiation and collaborates with Gli1 to generate medulloblastoma-initiating cells.
Sample Metadata Fields
Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 10 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Expression 430A Array (moe430a)
Description
Mice lacking p53 and one or two alleles of the cyclin D-dependent kinase inhibitor p18Ink4c are prone to medulloblastoma development. The tumor frequency is increased by exposing postnatal animals to ionizing radiation at a time when their cerebella are developing. In irradiated mice engineered to express a floxed p53 allele and a Nestin-Cre transgene, tumor development can be restricted to the brain. Analysis of these animals indicated that inactivation of one or both Ink4c alleles did not affect the time of medulloblastoma onset but increased tumor invasiveness. All such tumors exhibited complete loss of function of the Patched 1 (Ptc1) gene encoding the receptor for sonic hedgehog, and many exhibited other recurrent genetic alterations, including trisomy of chromosome 6, amplification of N-Myc, modest increases in copy number of the Ccnd1 gene encoding cyclin D1, and other complex chromosomal rearrangements. In contrast, medulloblastomas arising in Ptc1+/- mice lacking one or both Ink4c alleles retained p53 function and exhibited only limited genomic instability. Nonetheless, complete inactivation of the wild type Ptc1 allele was a universal event, and trisomy of chromosome 6 was again frequent. The enforced expression of N-Myc or cyclin D1 in primary cerebellar granule neuron precursors isolated from Ink4c-/-, p53-/- mice enabled the cells to initiate medulloblastomas when injected back into the brains of immunocompromised recipient animals. These engineered tumors exhibited gene expression profiles indistinguishable from those of medulloblastomas that arose spontaneously. These results underscore the functional interplay between a network of specific genes that recurrently contribute to medulloblastoma formation.
Publication Title
Genetic alterations in mouse medulloblastomas and generation of tumors de novo from primary cerebellar granule neuron precursors.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) are directed to targets by cascades of E1, E2, and E3 enzymes. The largest ubiquitin E3 subclass consists of cullin-RING ligases (CRLs), which contain one each of several cullins (CUL1, -2, -3, -4, or -5) and RING proteins (RBX1 or -2). CRLs are activated by ligation of the UBL NEDD8 to a conserved cullin lysine. How is cullin NEDD8ylation specificity established? Here we report that, like UBE2M (also known as UBC12), the previously uncharacterized E2 UBE2F is a NEDD8-conjugating enzyme in vitro and in vivo. Biochemical and structural analyses indicate how plasticity of hydrophobic E1-E2 interactions and E1 conformational flexibility allow one E1 to charge multiple E2s. The E2s have distinct functions, with UBE2M/RBX1 and UBE2F/RBX2 displaying different target cullin specificities. Together, these studies reveal the molecular basis for and functional importance of hierarchical expansion of the NEDD8 conjugation system in establishing selective CRL activation.
Publication Title
E2-RING expansion of the NEDD8 cascade confers specificity to cullin modification.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus, Homo sapiens
- 80 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Rhabdoid Tumors (RT) are highly aggressive tumors that are frequently localized in the central nervous system (CNS) where they are termed atypical teratoid and rhabdoid tumors (ATRT). We generated conditional Smarcb1-deficient mouse model leads to CNS Smarcb1-deficient tumors.
Publication Title
The occurrence of intracranial rhabdoid tumours in mice depends on temporal control of Smarcb1 inactivation.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 3 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina MouseWG-6 v2.0 expression beadchip
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
ATOH1 Promotes Leptomeningeal Dissemination and Metastasis of Sonic Hedgehog Subgroup Medulloblastomas.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 3 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina MouseWG-6 v2.0 expression beadchip
Description
We report findings that illuminate a dynamic metastasis pathway in the common pediatric brain tumor medulloblastoma.
Publication Title
ATOH1 Promotes Leptomeningeal Dissemination and Metastasis of Sonic Hedgehog Subgroup Medulloblastomas.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 22 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Chd7 is indispensable for mammalian brain development through activation of a neuronal differentiation programme.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 22 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
We performed array-based expression profiling to determine genes regulated by Chd7 and Top2b in CGNs. Our data show Chd7 and Top2b coregulate a common set of neuronal genes.
Publication Title
Chd7 is indispensable for mammalian brain development through activation of a neuronal differentiation programme.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Gene 2.1 ST Array (hugene21st)
Description
We used microarrays to compare gene expression between shRNA targeting NRL and control replicates in D458Med cell line.
Publication Title
NRL and CRX Define Photoreceptor Identity and Reveal Subgroup-Specific Dependencies in Medulloblastoma.
Sample Metadata Fields
Cell line
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 95 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon with preiods of active disease followed by remission.
Publication Title
Usefulness of Transcriptional Blood Biomarkers as a Non-invasive Surrogate Marker of Mucosal Healing and Endoscopic Response in Ulcerative Colitis.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease stage, Treatment
View Samples