One day before transfection, HeLa cells were seeded in 6-well culture plates (1.5 x 10e5 cells per well) or 10-cm culture dishes (4.3 x 10e5 cells per dish). siRNA duplex (at a final concentration in culture medium of 30 nM) was transfected with Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. siRNA duplices specific for human hnRNP L, human hnRNP LL, and luciferase GL2 were from MWG Biotech (Ebersberg, Germany).
Diverse roles of hnRNP L in mammalian mRNA processing: a combined microarray and RNAi analysis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesTo investigate whether U1C plays a role in splicing regulation in human system, we performed siRNA-mediated knockdown of U1C in HeLa cells and analyzed alternative splicing patterns by high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNAseq) Overall design: RNAseq performed with poly(A)+ selected total RNA from U1C-knockdown and control-treated HeLa cells
A novel intra-U1 snRNP cross-regulation mechanism: alternative splicing switch links U1C and U1-70K expression.
Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesThe goal of this study was to investigate the role of hnRNP L-like in alternative pre-mRNA splicing in human B-cells through an RNA-Seq approach. Overall design: RNA-Seq was performed in DG75 cell line with over expression of hnRNP L-like or GFP as control.
HnRNP L and L-like cooperate in multiple-exon regulation of CD45 alternative splicing.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesPrecise 5' splice site recognition is essential for both constitutive and regulated pre-mRNA splicing. The U1 snRNP specific protein U1C is involved in this first step of spliceosome assembly and important for stabilizing early splicing complexes. We used an embryonically lethal U1C knockout mutant zebrafish, hi1371, to investigate the potential genomewide role of U1C for splicing regulation. Surprisingly, genomewide RNA-Seq analysis of mutant versus wildtype embryos revealed a large set of specific target genes that changed their alternative splicing patterns in the absence of U1C. In sum, our findings provide evidence for a new role of a general snRNP protein, U1C, as a mediator of alternative splicing regulation.
RNA-Seq analysis in mutant zebrafish reveals role of U1C protein in alternative splicing regulation.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Crosslinking-immunoprecipitation (iCLIP) analysis reveals global regulatory roles of hnRNP L.
Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesTransient siRNA-mediated knockdown of hnRNP L, followed by cycloheximide treatment to eliminate NMD.
Crosslinking-immunoprecipitation (iCLIP) analysis reveals global regulatory roles of hnRNP L.
Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
The lncRNA GATA6-AS epigenetically regulates endothelial gene expression via interaction with LOXL2.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesImpaired or excessive growth of endothelial cells contributes to several diseases. However, the functional involvement of regulatory long non-coding RNAs in these processes is not well defined. Here we show that the long non-coding antisense transcript of GATA6 (GATA6-AS) interacts with the epigenetic regulator LOXL2 to regulates endothelial gene expression via changes in histone methylation. Using RNA deep sequencing, we find that GATA6-AS is up-regulated in endothelial cells during hypoxia. Silencing of GATA6-AS diminishes TGF-2-induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro and promotes formation of blood vessels in mice. We identify LOXL2, known to remove activating H3K4me3 chromatin marks, as a GATA6-AS-associated protein, and reveal a set of angiogenesis-related genes that are inversely regulated by LOXL2 and GATA6-AS silencing. As GATA6-AS silencing reduces H3K4me3 methylation of two of these genes, periostin and cyclooxygenase-2, we conclude that GATA6-AS acts as negative regulator of nuclear LOXL2 function.
The lncRNA GATA6-AS epigenetically regulates endothelial gene expression via interaction with LOXL2.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesImpaired or excessive growth of endothelial cells contributes to several diseases. However, the functional involvement of regulatory long non-coding RNAs in these processes is not well defined. Here we show that the long non-coding antisense transcript of GATA6 (GATA6-AS) interacts with the epigenetic regulator LOXL2 to regulates endothelial gene expression via changes in histone methylation. Using RNA deep sequencing, we find that GATA6-AS is up-regulated in endothelial cells during hypoxia. Silencing of GATA6-AS diminishes TGF-2-induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro and promotes formation of blood vessels in mice. We identify LOXL2, known to remove activating H3K4me3 chromatin marks, as a GATA6-AS-associated protein, and reveal a set of angiogenesis-related genes that are inversely regulated by LOXL2 and GATA6-AS silencing. As GATA6-AS silencing reduces H3K4me3 methylation of two of these genes, periostin and cyclooxygenase-2, we conclude that GATA6-AS acts as negative regulator of nuclear LOXL2 function.
The lncRNA GATA6-AS epigenetically regulates endothelial gene expression via interaction with LOXL2.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesPost-hybridization washing is an essential part of microarray experiments. Both, the quality of the experimental washing protocol and the adequate consideration of washing in intensity calibration ultimately affect the quality of the expression estimates extracted from the microarray intensities. We conducted experiments on GeneChip microarrays with altered protocols for washing, scanning and staining to study the probe-level intensity changes as a function of washing cycles. Particularly, three Affymetrix GeneChip HGU133plus2 arrays were hybridized and equilibrated for 16 hours in the hybridization oven. For one of the three arrays washing and staining was performed according to the manufacturers instructions. For another array the first scan was done immediately after low stringent wash and staining without intermitting stringent washing. Then, the array was stringently washed and scanned in alternating order three more times where each washing step consists of a definite number of washing cycles. The third array was low stringently washed followed by two stringent washing cycles and staining before the first scan. Subsequently it was analogously processed as array A. All three chips are repeatedly processed in a second series of alternating wash/scan-cycles which was performed using the same protocol for each chip as in the first series as described above. As in the first series the arrays were also stained a second time to compensate for any loss of bleached fluorescent dye. Analysis of the washing kinetics shows that the signal-to-noise ratio doubles roughly every ten stringent washing cycles. Washing can be characterized by time-dependent rate constants which reflect the heterogeneous character of target binding to microarray probes. We propose an empirical washing function which estimates the survival of probe bound targets. The washing function allows calibrating probe intensities for the effect of washing. On a relative scale, proper calibration for washing markedly increases expression measures especially in the limit of small and large values.
Washing scaling of GeneChip microarray expression.
Cell line
View Samples