The adaptive mechanisms in response to excess energy supply are still poorly known in humans. Our aims were to define metabolic responses and changes in gene expression in adipose tissue of healthy volunteers during fat overfeeding.
Subcutaneous adipose tissue remodeling during the initial phase of weight gain induced by overfeeding in humans.
Specimen part, Subject, Time
View SamplesThe adaptive mechanisms in response to excess energy supply are still poorly known in humans. Our aims were to define metabolic responses and changes in gene expression in skeletal muscle of healthy volunteers during fat overfeeding.
Regulation of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle during lipid overfeeding in healthy men.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesLinkage analysis of complex traits in mice is a powerful tool to find loci affecting the phenotype but it has a poor resolution making it difficult to identify the underlying genes. We show here, using whole genome association analysis of gene expression traits in an outbred mouse population, the MF1 stock, that mapping resolution is greatly increased as compared to linkage. The fact that eQTLs discovered in other crosses were replicated and successfully mapped with high resolution in this population provides a strong proof of concept. In addition, we show that this population is a useful resource to resolve the eQTL hotspots detected in other studies. Finally, we highlight the importance of correcting for population structure in whole genome association studies in the outbred stock.
High-resolution mapping of gene expression using association in an outbred mouse stock.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesAnalysis of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive MCF7 cell total RNA expression and polysome-assiciated RNA expression following treatment with estradiol (E2) and vehicle (etoh).
Estrogen coordinates translation and transcription, revealing a role for NRSF in human breast cancer cells.
Cell line
View SamplesPressure overload (PO) leads first to cardiac hypertrophy and later to heart failure. In mice, PO leads to sex differences in cardiac morphology and function. However, early sex differences in gene regulation that precede sex differences in function have not yet been identified.
Sex-specific pathways in early cardiac response to pressure overload in mice.
Sex
View SamplesPurpose: The ability to rationally manipulate the transcriptional states of cells would be of great use in medicine and bioengineering. We have developed a novel algorithm, NetSurgeon, which utilizes genome-wide gene regulatory networks to identify interventions that force a cell toward a desired expression state. Results: We used NetSurgeon to select transcription factor deletions aimed at improving ethanol production in S. cerevisiae cultures that are catabolizing xylose. We reasoned that interventions that move the transcriptional states of cells utilizing xylose toward the fermentative state typical of cells that are producing ethanol rapidly (while utilizing glucose) might improve xylose fermentation. Some of the interventions selected by NetSurgeon successfully promoted a fermentative transcriptional state in the absence of glucose, resulting in strains with a 2.7-fold increase in xylose import rates, a 4-fold improvement in xylose integration into central carbon metabolism, or a 1.3-fold increase in ethanol production rate. Conclusions: We conclude by presenting an integrated model of transcriptional regulation and metabolic flux that will enable future metabolic engineering efforts aimed at improving xylose fermentation to prioritize functional regulators of central carbon metabolism. Overall design: Mutant and wildtype S. cerevisiae cells were put into 48 hour aerobic batch fermentations of synthetic complete medium supplmented with 2% glucose and 5% xylose and culture samples were taken at 4 hours and 24 hours for transcriptional profiling performed by RNA-Seq analysis. In addition, wildtype S. cerevisiae cells were grown in various single carbon sources for 12 hours and culture samples were taken for transcriptional profiling performed by RNA-Seq analysis.
Model-based transcriptome engineering promotes a fermentative transcriptional state in yeast.
Subject
View SamplesOVE26 mouse was chosen to study the progressive changes in renal gene expression because it displays the most advanced albuminuria mouse models that assembles advanced human diabetic nephropathy.
Inflammatory gene expression in OVE26 diabetic kidney during the development of nephropathy.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesFew studies have investigated heterogeneity of selection response in replicate lines subjected to equivalent selection. We developed 4 replicate lines of mice based on high levels of voluntary wheel running (high runner or HR lines) while also maintaining 4 non-selected control lines. This led to the unexpected discovery of the HR mini-muscle (HRmini) phenotype, recognized by a 50% reduction in hindlimb muscle mass, which became fixed in 1 of the 4 HR selected lines.
Gene expression profiling of gastrocnemius of "minimuscle" mice.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesWhile infection of chickens with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 subtypes often leads to complete mortality within 24 to 48 h, infection of ducks in contrast causes mild or no clinical signs. Rapid onsets of fatal disease in chickens, but with no evidence of severe clinical symptoms in ducks, suggest underlying differences in their innate immune mechanisms. To understand the molecular basis for such difference, chicken and duck primary lung cells, infected with a low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) and two HPAI H5N1 viruses, were subjected to RNA expression profiling using Affymetrix Chicken GeneChip arrays.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection in chickens but not ducks is associated with elevated host immune and pro-inflammatory responses.
Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesImmunosurveillance constitutes the first step of cancer immunoediting in which developing malignant lesions are eliminated by anti-tumorigenic immune cells. However, the mechanisms by which neoplastic cells induce an immunosuppressive state to evade the immune response are still unclear. The transcription factor Stat3 has been implicated in breast carcinogenesis and tumor immunosuppression in advanced disease, but its involvement in early disease development has not been established. Here, we genetically ablated Stat3 in the tumor epithelia of the inducible PyVmT mammary tumor model and found that Stat3-deficient mice recapitulated the three phases of immunoediting: elimination, equilibrium, and escape. Pathological analyses revealed that Stat3-deficient mice initially formed hyperplastic and early adenoma-like lesions that later completely regressed, thereby preventing the emergence of mammary tumors in the majority of animals. Furthermore, tumor regression was correlated with massive immune infiltration into the Stat3-deficient lesions, leading to their elimination. In a minority of animals, focal, non-metastatic Stat3-deficient mammary tumors escaped immunosurveillance after a long latency or equilibrium period. Taken together, our findings suggest that tumor epithelial expression of Stat3 plays a critical role in promoting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment during breast tumor initiation and progression, and prompt further investigation of Stat3 inhibitory strategies that may reactivate the immunosurveillance program.
STAT3 Establishes an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment during the Early Stages of Breast Carcinogenesis to Promote Tumor Growth and Metastasis.
Age, Specimen part
View Samples