Skin squamous cell carcinomas are among the most frequent human cancers. In this study we compared the expression profiles of 10 skin SCCs with a set of 3 normal human epidermis controls.
Multifactorial ERβ and NOTCH1 control of squamous differentiation and cancer.
Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesMounting evidence points to a link between a cancer possessing stem-like properties and a worse prognosis. To understand the biology, a common approach is to integrate network biology with signal processing mechanics. That said, even with the right tools, predicting the risk for a highly susceptible target using only a handful of gene signatures remains very difficult. By compiling the expression profiles of a panel of tumor stem-like cells (TSLCs) originating in different tissues, comparing these to their parental tumor cells (PTCs) and the human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), and integrating network analysis with signaling mechanics, we propose that network topologically-weighted signaling processing measurements under tissue-specific conditions can provide scalable and predicable target identification.
Network biology of tumor stem-like cells identified a regulatory role of CBX5 in lung cancer.
Specimen part
View SamplesPrevious reports have defined three subsets of mouse NK cells on the basis of the expression of CD27 and CD11b. The developmental relationship between these subsets was unclear. To address this issue, we evaluated the overall proximity between mouse NK cell subsets defined by CD27 and CD11b expression using pangenomic gene expression profiling. The results suggest that CD27+CD11b-, CD27+CD11b+ and CD27-CD11b+ correspond to three different intermediates stages of NK cell development.
Maturation of mouse NK cells is a 4-stage developmental program.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRetinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells are two retinal cell types that are affected by the most prevalent retinal diseases leading to irreversible blindness, such as glaucoma affecting the former and age-related macular degeneration affecting the latter. One of the most promising approaches for the therapy of these diseases is via the autologous transplantation of RGC or RPE cells derived from the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). This emphasizes the importance of detailed characterization and understanding of the mechanisms of differentiation of iPSCs into retinal lineages on the genome-wide scale. Such information can be used to identify novel crucial regulators of differentiation, optimisation of differentiation protocols to make them more efficient and safe, identification of novel specific biomarker signatures of differentiated cells. In this study, we performed the genome-wide transcriptome analysis of terminally differentiated RGC and RPE lineages, as well as intermediate retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) of optic vesicles (OVs) derived from the human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In our analysis we specifically focused on the classes of transcripts that encode regulators of gene expression, such as transcription factors, epigenetic factors, and components of signaling pathways.
Expression profiling of cell-intrinsic regulators in the process of differentiation of human iPSCs into retinal lineages.
Specimen part
View SamplesPompe disease is caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the GAA gene, which encodes acid alpha-glucosidase. Although enzyme replacement therapy has recently improved patient survival greatly, the results in skeletal muscles and for advanced disease are still not satisfactory. Here, we report the derivation of Pompe disease induced pluripotent stem cells (PomD-iPSCs) and their potential for pathogenesis modeling, drug testing and disease marker identification. PomD-iPSCs maintained pluripotent features, and had low GAA activity and high glycogen content. Cardiomyocyte-like cells (CMLCs) differentiated from PomD-iPSCs recapitulated the hallmark Pompe disease pathophysiological phenotypes, including high levels of glycogen, abundant intracellular LAMP-1- or LC3-positive granules, and multiple ultrastructural aberrances. Drug rescue assessment showed that exposure of PomD-iPSC-derived CMLCs to rhGAA reversed the major pathologic phenotypes. Further, L-carnitine and 3- methyladenine treatment reduced defective cellular respiration and buildup of phagolysosomes, respectively, in the diseased cells. By comparative transcriptome analysis, we identified glycogen metabolism, lysosome and mitochondria related marker genes whose expression robustly correlated with the therapeutic effect of drug treatment in PomD-iPSC-derived CMLCs. Collectively, these results demonstrate that PomD-iPSCs are a promising in vitro disease model for development of novel therapeutic strategies for Pompe disease.
Human Pompe disease-induced pluripotent stem cells for pathogenesis modeling, drug testing and disease marker identification.
Specimen part
View SamplesStevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis
Granulysin is a key mediator for disseminated keratinocyte death in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesStevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis
Granulysin is a key mediator for disseminated keratinocyte death in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
CLL intraclonal fractions exhibit established and recently acquired patterns of DNA methylation.
Sex, Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesIntraclonal subpopulations of circulating chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells with different proliferative histories and reciprocal surface expression of CXCR4 and CD5 have been observed in the peripheral blood of CLL patients and named proliferative (PF), intermediate (IF) and resting (RF) cellular fractions. Transcriptional differences between paired intraclonal fractions confirmed their proliferative experience and further supported a linear advancement from PF to RF in the peripheral blood. Marked expression differences in intraclonal fractions suggest potential pathological and therapeutic relevance of studying intraclonal CLL fractions as compared to bulk cells.
CLL intraclonal fractions exhibit established and recently acquired patterns of DNA methylation.
Sex, Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesNOTCH1 is mutationally activated in ~15% of cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), but its role in B-cell development and leukemogenesis is not known. Here, we report that the active intracellular portion of NOTCH1 (ICN1) is detectable in ~50% of peripheral blood CLL cases lacking gene mutations. We identify a ‘NOTCH1 CLL gene expression signature’ in CLL cells, and show that this signature is significantly enriched in primary CLL cases expressing ICN1, independent of NOTCH1 mutation. NOTCH1 target genes include key regulators of B-cell proliferation, survival and signal transduction physiology. In particular, we show that MYC is a direct target of NOTCH1 via B-cell specific distal regulatory elements, thus implicating this oncogene in the pathogenesis of the disease. Overall design: RNA-Seq analysis
Common nonmutational <i>NOTCH1</i> activation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples