House dust mite/HDM atopy patch test/APT elicits positive reactions in the majority of atopic dermatitis/AD and healthy individuals. Experimental systems for new-onset/chronic AD are needed to support rapid therapeutic development, particularly since animal models representing AD pathology in humans are lacking. HDM APT historically simulated AD, but its suitability to model the emerging AD skin phenotype as Th2/Th22 polarized with Th1 and Th17 components is unknown. To assess whether HDM APT tissues reproduce acute or chronic AD, positive HDM APT (n=14) were compared with nonlesional, acute (<72hrs; n=10), and chronic phase AD biopsies (n=8), allergic contact reactions (to nickel [n=10] and fragrance [n=3]) using arrays.
Dust mite induces multiple polar T cell axes in human skin.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesConversion of fibroblasts to functional cardiomyocytes represents a potential approach for restoring cardiac function following myocardial injury, but the technique thus far has been slow and inefficient. To improve the efficiency of reprogramming fibroblasts to cardiac-like myocytes (iCMs) by cardiac transcription factors (Gata4, Hand2, Mef2c, and Tbx5=GHMT), we screened 192 protein kinases and discovered that Akt/protein kinase B dramatically accelerates and amplifies this process. Approximately 50% of reprogrammed fibroblasts displayed spontaneous beating after three weeks of induction by Akt plus GHMT. Furthermore, addition of Akt1 to GHMT evoked a more mature cardiac phenotype for iCMs, as seen by enhanced polynucleation, cellular hypertrophy, gene expression, and metabolic reprogramming. Igf1 and Pi3 kinase acted upstream of Akt, whereas mTORC1 and Foxo3a acted downstream of Akt to influence fibroblast-to-cardiomyocyte reprogramming. These findings provide new insights into the molecular basis of cardiac reprogramming and represent an important step toward further application of this technique. Overall design: We performed RNA-Seq using either isolated adult mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes (CMs) or MEFs treated for three weeks with empty vector, GHMT (iCMs cell sorted using aMHC-GFP before RNA-Seq), or AGHMT (iCMs cell sorted using aMHC-GFP before RNA-Seq).
Akt1/protein kinase B enhances transcriptional reprogramming of fibroblasts to functional cardiomyocytes.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesIdentify genes like Ifit1 which are induced in L929 cells but not L929 cells expressing ectopic IRF8
Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8) Impairs Induction of Interferon Induced with Tetratricopeptide Repeat Motif (IFIT) Gene Family Members.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesBud endodormancy induction response of two genotypes (Seyval a hybrid white wine grape and V. riparia, PI588259 a native north american species) was compared under long (15h) and short (13h) photoperiod. Three separate replicates (5 plants/replicate) were treated to generate paradormant (LD) and same aged endodormancy-induced (SD) buds for transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic analysis. Potted, spur-pruned two to six-year-old vines were removed from cold storage (Seyval 3-19-07; V. riparia 3/26/07) and grown under a LD (15 h) at 25/20 + 3C day/night temperatures (D/N). When vines reached 12-15 nodes (3-25-07) they were randomized into LD or SD treatments with 25/20 + 3C D/N in climate controlled greenhouses with automated photoperiod system (VRE Greenhouse Systems). Three replications (5 vines/replication) were harvested between 5/07-6/07 and then again in 5/08-6/08 for a total of six replications. All treatments are repeated at the same time every year and harvested at the same time of day each year to minimize biological noise. At 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 days of LD and SD treatment, buds were harvested from nodes 3 to 12 of each separate replicate, immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen, and placed at -80C for future RNA, protein and metabolite extraction. These time points encompass early reversible phases as well as key time points during transition to irreversible endodormancy development. After photoperiod treatments and bud harvests, all pruned vines were returned to LD and monitored for bud endodormancy. The endodormant vines were identified after 28 days and moved to cold storage. The nondormant vines were allowed to grow again and induced into dormancy at a later date. Acknowledgement:This study was funded by NSF Grant DBI0604755 and funds from the South Dakota Agriculture Experiment Station. ****[PLEXdb(http://www.plexdb.org) has submitted this series at GEO on behalf of the original contributor, Anne Fennell. The equivalent experiment is VV10 at PLEXdb.]
Differential floral development and gene expression in grapevines during long and short photoperiods suggests a role for floral genes in dormancy transitioning.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThe formation of neuronal connections requires the precise guidance of developing axons towards their targets. In the Drosophila visual system, photoreceptor neurons (R cells) project from the eye into the brain. These cells are grouped into some 750 clusters comprised of eight photoreceptors or R-cells each. R cells fall into three classes, R1-R6, R7 and R8. Posterior R8 cells are the first to project axons into the brain. How these axons select a specific pathway is not known.
Robo-3--mediated repulsive interactions guide R8 axons during Drosophila visual system development.
Specimen part
View SamplesStudies of aging and longevity are revealing how diseases that shorten life can be controlled to improve the quality of life and lifespan itself. Two strategies under intense study to accomplish this goal are rapamycin treatment and calorie restriction. New strategies are being discovered including one that uses low-dose myriocin treatment. Myriocin inhibits the first enzyme in sphingolipid synthesis in all eukaryotes and we showed recently that low-dose myriocin treatment increases yeast lifespan at least in part by down-regulating the sphingolipid-controlled Pkh1/2-Sch9 (ortholog of mammalian S6 kinase) signaling pathway.
Reducing sphingolipid synthesis orchestrates global changes to extend yeast lifespan.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesCarboxylic acids are an attractive biorenewable chemical. Enormous progress has been made in engineering microbes for production of these compounds though titers remain lower than desired.
Transcriptomic analysis of carboxylic acid challenge in Escherichia coli: beyond membrane damage.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe goal of this study is to determine gene expression changes in the adult zebrafish spinal cord at 2 weeks after complete transection. Overall design: 2 samples were analyzed in duplicates: sham injured spinal cord and transected spinal cord at 2 weeks post-injury
Injury-induced ctgfa directs glial bridging and spinal cord regeneration in zebrafish.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Transcriptional reprogramming of CD11b+Esam(hi) dendritic cell identity and function by loss of Runx3.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Cell-autonomous function of Runx1 transcriptionally regulates mouse megakaryocytic maturation.
Specimen part
View Samples