Both cigarette smoking and obesity have been implicated in increased risk of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC); however, there are limited data regarding the molecular mechanisms that underlie these associations. We used a multi-stage design to identify and validate specific molecular targets that are associated with smoking or obesity-related ccRCC.
ANKS1B is a smoking-related molecular alteration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesEvaluation of differential expression between CLL patients in a chemoimmunotherapy trial with age-matched controls
LEF-1 is a prosurvival factor in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is expressed in the preleukemic state of monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesIt is unknown if gene expression profiles from primary RCC tumors differ from patient-matched metastatic tumors. Thus, we sought to identify differentially expressed genes between patient-matched primary and metastatic RCC tumors in order to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of RCC metastases.
Differential gene expression profiling of matched primary renal cell carcinoma and metastases reveals upregulation of extracellular matrix genes.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesThe goal of our study is to build an integrated transcriptome landscape model for HER2 positive breast tumors and identify the crucial signaling pathways associated with HER2 tumors. Genomic features include, 685 genes that were differentially expressed only in HER2-positive tumors, 102 genes that were alternatively spliced in a pattern that is unique to HER2-positive tumors, and 303 genes that expressed single nucleotide sequence variants (eSNVs) that were unique to HER2-positive tumors. Network analysis was performed to integrate the genomic features into a transcriptome landscape model that identified 12 highly interconnected cellular processes that appear to be critical to the establishment and maintenance of HER2-positive tumors. We observed that integrin signaling was linked to lapatinib sensitivity in vitro and strongly associated with risk of relapse in the NCCTG N9831 adjuvant trastuzumab clinical trial dataset. Overall design: We analyzed RNA-seq data from a survey panel consisting of 8 benign breast lesions, 8 ER+, 8 triple negative, and 8 HER2-positive primary breast tumors to identify genomic features that were uniquely associated with HER2-positive tumors
An integrated model of the transcriptome of HER2-positive breast cancer.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesThe liver circadian clock is reprogrammed by nutritional challenge through the rewiring of specific transcriptional pathways. As the gut microbiota is tightly connected to host metabolism, whose coordination is governed by the circadian clock, we explored whether gut microbes influence circadian homeostasis and how they distally control the peripheral clock in the liver. Using fecal transplant procedures we reveal that, in response to high fat diet, the gut microbiota drives PPAR-mediated activation of newly oscillatory transcriptional programs in the liver. Moreover, antibiotics treatment prevents PPAR-driven transcription in the liver, underscoring the essential role of gut microbes in clock reprogramming and hepatic circadian homeostasis. Thus, a specific molecular signature characterizes the influence of the gut microbiome in the liver, leading to the transcriptional rewiring of hepatic metabolism.
Gut microbiota directs PPARγ-driven reprogramming of the liver circadian clock by nutritional challenge.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe circadian clock orchestrates rhythms in physiology and behavior, allowing the organism to adapt to daily environmental changes. Recently, efforts have been made to unravel the connection between the circadian clock and metabolism and to understand how the peripheral clock in different organs coordinates circadian responses to maintain metabolic homeostasis. It is becoming clear that diet can influence diurnal rhythms, however, the molecular mechanisms responsible for alterations in daily oscillations and how tissue-specific clocks interpret a nutritional challenge are not well understood. Here, we reveal tissue-specific circadian plasticity in response to a ketogenic diet (KD) in both the liver and intestine and a remarkable deviation within these two tissues following subsequent carbohydrate supplementation. KD caused a dramatic change in the circadian transcriptome in both liver and intestine in a tissue-specific fashion. In particular, both the amplitude of clock genes as well as specific BMAL1 recruitment was profoundly altered by KD while the intestinal clock was devoid of such plasticity. While PPARG nuclear accumulation was circadian in both tissues, it showed substantial phase specificity as did downstream targets. Finally, the gut and liver clocks had distinct responses to carbohydrate supplementation to KD composition, suggesting a higher plasticity in the ileum whose gene expression was almost restored to control baseline. For the first time our results demonstrate how nutrients modulate clock function in a tissue-specific manner, suggesting that a food stress arouses unique circadian molecular signatures in distinct peripheral tissues.
Distinct Circadian Signatures in Liver and Gut Clocks Revealed by Ketogenic Diet.
Specimen part
View SamplesCircadian and metabolic processes are codependent. This experiment was designed to understand how a high fat diet affects circadian gene expression in the liver. Circadian gene expression in the liver is necessary for energy balance.
Reprogramming of the circadian clock by nutritional challenge.
Specimen part
View SamplesA complex interplay between ethylene, ETP1/ETP2 F-box proteins, and degradation of EIN2 is essential for triggering ethylene responses in plants.
Interplay between ethylene, ETP1/ETP2 F-box proteins, and degradation of EIN2 triggers ethylene responses in Arabidopsis.
Age, Treatment
View SamplesThe Skeletal muscle is a metabolic active tissue that secretes various proteins. These so called myokines act auto-, para- and endocrine affecting muscle physiology and exert systemic effects on other tissues and organs. Myokines are also described to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases.
Secretome profiling of primary human skeletal muscle cells.
Sex, Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesChronic low dose inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure leads to changes in gene expression and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation. During this transformation, cells adopt a fibroblast-like phenotype accompanied by profound gene expression changes. While many mechanisms have been implicated in this transformation, studies that focus on the role of epigenetic alterations in this process are just emerging. DNA methylation controls gene expression in physiologic and pathologic states. Several studies show alterations in DNA methylation patterns in iAs-mediated pathogenesis, but these studies focused on single genes. We present a comprehensive genome-wide DNA methylation analysis using methyl-sequencing to measure changes between normal and iAs-transformed cells. Additionally, these differential methylation changes correlated positively with changes in gene expression and alternative splicing. Interestingly, most of these differentially methylated genes function in cell adhesion and communication pathways. To gain insight into how genomic DNA methylation patterns are regulated iAs-mediated carcinogenesis, we show that iAs probably targets CTCF binding at the promoter of DNA methyltransferases, regulating their expression. These findings reveal how transcription factor binding regulates DNA methyltransferase to reprogram the methylome in response to an environmental toxin.
Genome-wide DNA methylation reprogramming in response to inorganic arsenic links inhibition of CTCF binding, DNMT expression and cellular transformation.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment
View Samples