Dysfunctions in mitochondria dynamics and metabolism are common pathological processes associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, it was shown that an inherited form of PD and dementia is caused by new mutations in the OPA1 gene, which encodes for a key player of mitochondrial fusion and structure. iPSC-derived neural cells from these patients exhibited severe mitochondrial fragmentation, respiration impairment, ATP deficits and heightened oxidative stress. Reconstitution of normal levels of OPA1 in PD-derived neural cells normalized mitochondria morphology and function. OPA1 mutated neuronal cultures showed reduced survival in vitro. Intriguingly, selective inhibition of necroptosis effectively rescued this survival deficit. Additionally, dampening necroptosis in MPTP treated mice protected from DA neuronal cell loss. This human iPSC-based model captures both the early pathological events in OPA1 mutant neural cells and the beneficial effects of blocking necroptosis, highlighting this cell death process as a promising therapeutic target for PD. Overall design: 3 replicates for control and 3 replicates for OPA1 F38D mutant cells
Pharmacological Inhibition of Necroptosis Protects from Dopaminergic Neuronal Cell Death in Parkinson's Disease Models.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesIntratumoral heterogeneity may generate a diversity of resistance mechanisms that could cause different therapeutic responses in different cell populations.
Breast cancer cells respond differentially to modulation of TGFβ2 signaling after exposure to chemotherapy or hypoxia.
Cell line
View SamplesTo understand the effects of glutamine deprivation on cell physiology we performed global analysis of gene expression in response to glutamine deprivation.
Glutamine deprivation stimulates mTOR-JNK-dependent chemokine secretion.
Cell line
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Aberrant silencing of imprinted genes on chromosome 12qF1 in mouse induced pluripotent stem cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be generated by enforced expression of defined transcription factors in somatic cells. It remains controversial whether iPSCs are equivalent to blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Using genetically matched cells, we found that the overall mRNA expression patterns of these cell types are indistinguishable with the exception of a few transcripts encoded on chromosome 12qF1.
Aberrant silencing of imprinted genes on chromosome 12qF1 in mouse induced pluripotent stem cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesUnderstanding the biological potential of fetal stem/progenitor cells will help define mechanisms in liver development and homeostasis. We isolated epithelial fetal human liver cells and established phenotype-specific changes in gene expression during continuous culture conditions. Fetal human liver epithelial cells displayed stem cell properties with multilineage gene expression, extensive proliferation and generation of mesenchymal lineage cells, although the initial epithelial phenotype was rapidly supplanted by meso-endodermal phenotype in culture. This meso-endodermal phenotype was genetically regulated through cytokine signaling, including transforming growth factor-b, bone morphogenetic protein, fibroblast growth factors, and other signaling pathways. Reactivation of HNF-3a (FOXA1) transcription factor, a driver of hepatic specification in the primitive endoderm, indicated that the meso-endodermal phenotype represented an earlier developmental stage of cells. We found that fetal liver epithelial cells formed mature hepatocytes in vivo, including after genetic manipulation using lentiviral vectors, offering convenient assays for analysis of further cell differentiation and fate. Taken together, these studies demonstrated plasticity in fetal liver epithelial stem/progenitor cells, offered paradigms for defining mechanisms regulating lineage switching in stem/progenitor cells, and provided potential avenues for regulating cell phenotypes for applications of stem/progenitor cells, such as for cell therapy.
Phenotype reversion in fetal human liver epithelial cells identifies the role of an intermediate meso-endodermal stage before hepatic maturation.
Specimen part
View SamplesPluripotent cells can be derived from somatic cells by either overexpression of defined transcription factors (resulting in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)) or by nuclear transfer or cloning (resulting in NT-ESCs). To determine whether cloning further reprograms iPSCs, we used iPSCs as donor cells in nuclear transfer experiments.
Aberrant silencing of imprinted genes on chromosome 12qF1 in mouse induced pluripotent stem cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Contribution of stress responses to antibiotic tolerance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesMicroarray analysis was used to identify changes in the level of transcription of genes in P. aeruginosa drip flow biofilms in response to ciprofloxacin and tobramycin exposure. This data was evaluated and used to select strains that carry transposon mutations in genes that might play a role in antibiotic tolerance of biofilms. The strains were evaluated for defects in biofilm tolerance.
Contribution of stress responses to antibiotic tolerance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesTranscriptome analysis was applied to characterize the physiological activities of Psuedomonas aeruginosa cells grown for three days in drip flow biofilm reactors when compared to the activities of P. aeruginosa grown planktonically to exponential phase in the same media. Here, rather than examining the effect of an individual gene on biofilm antibiotic tolerance, we used a transcriptomics approach to identify regulons and groups of related genes that are induced during biofilm growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We then tested for statistically significant overlap between the biofilm-induced genes and independently compiled gene lists corresponding to stress responses and other putative antibiotic protective mechanisms. This data was evaluated and used to select strains that carry transposon mutations in genes that might play a role in antibiotic tolerance of biofilms. The strains were evaluated for defects in biofilm tolerance.
Contribution of stress responses to antibiotic tolerance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.
No sample metadata fields
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