IL17-producing ?d T cells (?d T17) mainly develop in the prenatal phase and persist as long-living self-renewing effector cell in all kind of tissues. They express polyclonal T-cell receptors (TCR), comprising public V?4+ and V?6+ TCRs with germline-like rearrangements. In particular, V?6+ T cells have recently been found in a variety of tissues including enthesis, gingiva or skin. However, their exchange between tissues and the mechanisms of tissue-specific adaptation and residency remain poorly understood. Here, we profiled V?6+ T cells isolated from thymus, peripheral lymph nodes (pLN) and skin through single-cell RNA-seq technology and compared those to V?4+ T cells. Our data demonstrated that V?6+ T cells formed highly homogenous cell populations that could be separated by tissue-specific gene expression signatures. Overall design: Sort V?4 and V?6 ?dT cells from peripheral lymph nodes, ear skin and thymus, then do 3'-RNA single cell sequencing (10x genomics).
Single-Cell Transcriptomics Identifies the Adaptation of Scart1<sup>+</sup> Vγ6<sup>+</sup> T Cells to Skin Residency as Activated Effector Cells.
Age, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesSustained spermatogenesis in adult males and recovery of fertility following germ cell depletion are dependent on undifferentiated spermatogonia with self-renewal potential. We have previously demonstrated a critical cell-autonomous role for Gilz in spermatogonial stem cell maintainance and spermatogenesis. To identify genes regulated by Gilz in the male germline, we have isolated undifferentiated spermatogonial cells from tamoxifen treated Gilzflox/flox (Control) and Gilzflox/flox UBC-CreER (TAM-KO) mice that will allow identification of genes mis-expressed upon loss of GILZ. Overall design: 4 independent sets of Gilzflox/flox (Control) and Gilzflox/flox UBC-CreER (TAM-KO) undifferentiated spermatogonia were isolated by flow sorting from adult mouse testes 7 days after treatment with tamoxifen.
GILZ-dependent modulation of mTORC1 regulates spermatogonial maintenance.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesWe used microarray to look at the genes deregulated in PaTu8988s (adenovirus insensitive) and PaTu8988t (adenovirus sensitive) cell lines
CEACAM6 attenuates adenovirus infection by antagonizing viral trafficking in cancer cells.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe conditioned media from Bifidobacterium infantis (BCM) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (LCM) were reported to promote maturation of innate immune response gene expression, which explained the protective effects of probiotics in clinical necrotizing enterocolitis. We used microarray analysis to investigate the expression of genes involved in regulation of BCM and LCM in IL-1 stimulated immature human enterocytes.
Secreted Metabolites of Bifidobacterium infantis and Lactobacillus acidophilus Protect Immature Human Enterocytes from IL-1β-Induced Inflammation: A Transcription Profiling Analysis.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesBackground: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is driven by somatic mutations and genomic rearrangements affecting >20 genes. Many of these are recent discoveries and how this molecular heterogeneity dictates AML pathophysiology and clinical outcome remains unclear. Methods: We sequenced 111 leukemia genes for driver mutations in 1540 AML patients with cytogenetic and clinical data. We modeled AMLs genomic structure, defining genetic interactions, patterns of temporal evolution and clinical correlations. Results: We identified 5,236 driver mutations involving 77 loci, including hotspot mutations in MYC. We found 1 driver mutation in 96% patients, and 2 in 85%. Gene mutations implicated in age related clonal hematopoiesis (DNMT3A, ASXL1, TET2) were the earliest in AML evolution, followed by highly specific and ordered patterns of co-mutation in chromatin, transcription and splicing regulators, NPM1 and signaling genes. The patterns of co-mutation compartmentalize AML into 12 discrete molecular classes, each presenting with distinct clinical manifestation. Amongst these, mutations in chromatin and spliceosome genes demarcate a molecularly heterogeneous subgroup enriched for older AML patients currently classified as intermediate risk and results in adverse prognosis. Two- and three-way genetic interactions often implicating rare genes/mutation-hotspots, markedly redefined clinical response and long-term curability, with the NPM1:DNMT3A:FLT3ITD genotype (6% patients) identifying poor prognosis disease, whereas within the same class NPM1:DNMT3A:NRASG12/13 (3%) associated with favorable outlooks. Conclusions: 79% of AML is molecularly classified in 12 genomic subgroups. These represent distinct molecular phylogenies, implicating complex genotypes. Delineation of higher-order genomic relationships, guide the development of personally tailored classification, prognostication and clinical protocols. Similar studies across cancer types are warranted.
Genomic Classification and Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesUveal melanoma is an aggressive cancer that metastasizes to the liver in about half of patients, being at that time almost always fatal. Identification of patients at high risk of metastases may provide indication for a frequent follow-up for early detection of metastases and treatment. The analysis of the gene expression profiling of primary human uveal melanomas showed high expression of SDCBP (encoding for syndecan-binding protein-1 or syntenin-1), which appeared higher in patients with recurrence, whereas expression of syndecans was lower and unrelated to progression. Moreover, we found that high expression of SDCBP gene was related to metastatic progression in two additional independent dataset of uveal melanoma patients. More importantly, immunohistochemistry showed that high expression of syntenin-1 protein in primary tumours was significantly related to metastatic recurrence in our cohort of patients. Syntenin-1 expression was confirmed by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry in cultured uveal melanoma cells or primary tumours. A pseudo-metastatic model of uveal melanoma to the liver was developed in NOD/SCID/IL2R null mice and the study of syntenin-1 expression in primary and metastatic lesions revealed higher syntenin-1 expression in metastases. The inhibition of SDCBP expression by siRNA impaired the ability of uveal melanoma cells to migrate in a woundhealing assay. These results suggest that SDCBP is involved in uveal melanoma progression and that it represents a candidate molecular marker of metastases and a potential therapeutic target.
Mda-9/syntenin is expressed in uveal melanoma and correlates with metastatic progression.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesTo identify isoform differential expression underlying peripheral nerve regeneration we performed RNA-Sequencing on DRG neurons after axotomy. Overall design: RNA was sequenced from peripheral Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) neurons from adult male mice 7 days after a conditioning lesion at the level of the sciatic nerve (Crushed samples) or after a sham surgery (Controls surgery).
Identification of miRNAs involved in DRG neurite outgrowth and their putative targets.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesGoblet cell metaplasia and mucus hypersecretion are disabling hallmarks of chronic lung diseases for which no curative treatments are available. Therapies targeting specific upstream drivers of asthma have had variable results. We hypothesized that an a priori-knowledge independent approach would point to new therapies for airway goblet cell metaplasia. We analyzed the transcriptome of an organotypic model of human goblet cell metaplasia. We combined our data with previously published datasets from IL13-exposed in vitro and asthmatic in vivo human airway epithelial cells. The drug perturbation-response connectivity approach identified the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor geldanamycin as a candidate for reverting airway goblet cell metaplasia. We found that geldanamycin not only prevented but reverted IL13-induced goblet cell metaplasia. Geldanamycin did not induce goblet cell death, did not solely block mucin synthesis, and did not block IL13 receptor-proximal signaling. Moreover, the transcriptional effects of geldanamycin were absent in unstimulated cells and became evident only after stimulation with IL13. The predicted mechanism of action suggested that geldanamycin should also revert IL17-induced goblet cell metaplasia, a prediction confirmed by our data. Our findings suggest HSP90 activity may be required for persistence of goblet cell metaplasia driven by various mechanisms in chronic lung diseases. Overall design: For both batches, airway epithelia cultures from the lungs of eight different humans were studied, therefore, there are eight biological replicates. Comparisons should be made within batches. In batch 1 (XAM1), epithelia were exposed to vehicle (DMSO 0.5%), geldanamycin 25 uM, or the HDAC6 inhibitor ISOX 10 uM for 48 hours. In batch 2 (XAM3), the epithelia were exposed to vehicle (DMSO 0.5%), IL13 (20 ng/mL) or IL13 plus geldanamycin (10 uM) for 48 hours.
HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin reverts IL-13- and IL-17-induced airway goblet cell metaplasia.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesCD47 is a ubiquitous cell surface receptor that limits cell clearance by phagocytes that express its counter-receptor signal-regulatory protein-a and directly regulates T cell immunity by interacting with its inhibitory ligand thrombospondin-1. Murine natural killer (NK) cells express higher levels of CD47 than other lymphocytes, but the role of CD47 in regulating NK cell homeostasis and immune function remains unclear. Cd47-/- mice exhibited depletion of NK precursors in bone marrow, but antisense Cd47 knockdown or gene disruption resulted in a dose dependent accumulation of immature and mature NK cells in spleen. Cd47-/- mice were impaired in controlling chronic Clone-13 lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection, which was associated with depletion of splenic NK cells and loss of effector cytokine and interferon response gene expression in Cd47-/- NK cells. These data identify CD47 as a cell-intrinsic and systemic regulator of NK cell homeostasis and NK cell responses to viral infection. Overall design: Examining natural killer (NK) cell intrinsic role of CD47 during viral infection.
CD47 Expression in Natural Killer Cells Regulates Homeostasis and Modulates Immune Response to Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesMalignant glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor with a dismal prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Genomic profiling of GBM samples in the TCGA database has identified four molecular subtypes (Proneural, Neural, Classical and Mesenchymal), which may arise from different glioblastoma stem-like cell (GSC) populations. In the present study, we identify two GSC populations that produce GBM tumors by subcutaneous and intracranial injection with identical histological features. Gene expression analysis revealed that xenografts of GSCs grown as spheroid cultures had a Classical molecular subtype similar to that of bulk tumor cells. In contrast xenografts of GSCs grown as adherent cultures on laminin-coated plates expressed a Mesenchymal gene signature. Adherent GSC-derived xenografts had high STAT3 and ANGPTL4 expression as well as enrichment for stem cell markers, transcriptional networks and pro-angiogenic markers characteristic of the Mesenchymal subtype. Examination of clinical samples from GBM patients showed that STAT3 expression was directly correlated with ANGPTL4 expression, and that increased expression of these genes correlated with poor patient survival and performance. A pharmacological STAT3 inhibitor abrogated STAT3 binding to the ANGPTL4 promoter and exhibited anticancer activity in vivo. Taken together, we identified two distinct GSC populations that produce histologically identical tumors but with very different gene expression patterns, and a STAT3/ ANGPTL4 pathway in glioblastoma that may serve as a target for therapeutic intervention.
Molecular heterogeneity in a patient-derived glioblastoma xenoline is regulated by different cancer stem cell populations.
Specimen part
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