Rotavirus infection is the single most important cause of severe diarrhea in young children worldwide. We used Affymetrix Human U95Av2 high density oligonucleotide arrays to compare gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 10 children with acute rotavirus diarrhea and 8 age-matched healthy children. We also examined patterns of gene expression in 5 convalescent-phase PBMC samples from rotavirus patients. For data analysis, we imported .cel files generated by Affymetrix MAS5.0 into Genetraffic 3.1 software (Iobion) and performed robust multi-chip analysis. We considered a gene in patients differentially expressed if its level of expression was at least 1.5-fold higher or lower than the baseline (arithmetic mean) of the corresponding gene in 8 controls and if its pattern of elevated or repressed expression was observed in at least 7 of the 10 patients. Using these criteria, we identified ~1% up- and ~2% down-regulated genes in acute-phase PBMC of patients. Up-regulated genes included those involved in the differentiation, maturation, activation, and survival of B cells, as well as an array of genes with function in inflammatory and antiviral activities. We observed a pattern of repressed expression of a number of genes involved in the various stages of T-cell development and activation. On the basis of these results, we conclude that rotavirus infection induces robust inflammatory response and B-cell activation but represses T-cell response.
Rotavirus infection alters peripheral T-cell homeostasis in children with acute diarrhea.
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View SamplesCanonical WNT-signaling is essential for placode formation irrespective of appendage type. At sites of placode initiation, Although WNT-signaling occurs in both epithelium and mesenchyme, the site of most intense activity as revealed by the WNT reporter Axin2-LacZ was in a zone just below the epithelial-mesenchymal interface. In ventral foot-skin, this WNT activity peaked at E17.5, concomitant with sweat bud fate commitment, while in dorsal back-skin, it began at E14.5, concomitant with HF fate specification. Overall design: To address whether WNT-signaling within this zone might regionally influence the transcriptional landscape of body-site mesenchymes to support distinct epithelial fates, we transcriptionally profiled the Axin2-positive and Axin2-negative dermal cells following their FACS-purification from E17.5 ventral foot-skin and E14.5 dorsal back-skin
Spatiotemporal antagonism in mesenchymal-epithelial signaling in sweat versus hair fate decision.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesAfter characterizing super-enhancer-associated chromatin dynamics accompanied by malignant progression of skin stem cells, we show that ETS family members auto-regulate themselves and a cohort of cancer-associated super-enhancer transcription factors which together are essential for tumor maintenance. Overall design: Epidermal basal stem cells from ETS2(T72D) super-activated epidermis and normal epidermis were FACS-prufied for RNA-sequencing.
ETS family transcriptional regulators drive chromatin dynamics and malignancy in squamous cell carcinomas.
Sex, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesAfter characterizing super-enhancer-associated chromatin dynamics accompanied by malignant progression of skin stem cells, we show that ETS family members auto-regulate themselves and a cohort of cancer-associated super-enhancer transcription factors which together are essential for tumor maintenance. Overall design: Mouse skin squamouse cell carcinoma (SCC) tumor-initiating stem cells (SCC-SC), hair follicle stem cells (HF-SC) and epidermal stem cells (Epi-SC) were FACS-prufied for RNA-sequencing.
ETS family transcriptional regulators drive chromatin dynamics and malignancy in squamous cell carcinomas.
Sex, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesWe performed RNA_Seq on purified hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs)and their direct progenty, transit amplifying cells (TACs) using temorally and spatially regulated Cre lines. Overall design: Consequences of loss of Bmpr1a in either HFSC (K15-CrePGR;Bmpr1a fl/fl), or TACs (1. Shh-CreER:Bmpr1a fl/fl or 2. K15-CrePGR;Bmpr1a fl/fl derived)
BMP signaling and its pSMAD1/5 target genes differentially regulate hair follicle stem cell lineages.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesGenome-wide RNAi screens in mice identified Ctnnb1 and Mllt6 as physiological regulators of HrasG12V-dependent epidermal hyperplasia. To probe the consequences of Ctnnb1 and Mllt6 on HrasG12V-dependent oncogenic growth, we examined how their depletion impacts gene expression in the HrasoncoX2 epidermis. We performed RNA-seq analysis of FACS-purified embryonic epidermal cells, followed by network analysis of differentially regulated transcripts. Whether Ctnnb1 or Mllt6, knockdown markedly enhanced activity of genes restricting growth, and decreased expression of genes promoting epidermal proliferation. This contrasted with known transcriptional changes that typically follow epidermal expression of oncogenic Hras. Moreover, there was a significant overlap in genes whose expression was affected by Mllt6 and ß-catenin, further implying a level of shared function. Overall design: Transcriptional profiles of epidermal progenitors of embryonic day 18.5 animals of wild-type, HrasG12V, and HrasG12V depleted of Ctnnb1 or Mllt6 backgrounds.
RNAi screens in mice identify physiological regulators of oncogenic growth.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesThe Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is an inherited connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the transforming growth factor (TGF-) receptors TGFBR1 or TGFBR2. Most patients with LDS develop severe aortic aneurysms resulting in early need of surgical intervention. We investigated circulating outgrowth endothelial cells (OEC) from the peripheral blood of LDS to gain further insight into the pathophysiology of the disorder. We performed gene expression profiling using microarray analysis followed by quantitative PCR for verification of gene expression. OECs isolated from age- and sex-matched healthy donors served as reference control.
Overexpression of Gremlin-1 in patients with Loeys-Dietz syndrome: implications on pathophysiology and early disease detection.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesRibsome profiling analysis of mRNA translation in mouse cells under conditions of mTOR activiation or inhibition. Overall design: embryonic fibroblasts from 4EBP1/2 p53 mutants treated with Torin1
A unifying model for mTORC1-mediated regulation of mRNA translation.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesPlasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) efficiently produce large amounts of type I interferon in response to TLR7 and TLR9 ligands, whereas conventional DCs (cDC) predominantly secrete high levels of the cytokines IL-10 and IL-12. The molecular basis underlying this distinct phenotype is not well understood. Here, we identified the MAPK phosphatase Dusp9/MKP-4 by transcriptome analysis as selectively expressed in pDC, but not cDC. We confirmed the constitutive expression of Dusp9 at the protein level in pDC generated in vitro by culture with Flt3L and ex vivo in sorted splenic pDC. Dusp9 expression was low in B220- bone marrow precursors and was up-regulated during pDC differentiation, concomitant with established pDC markers. Higher expression of Dusp9 in pDC correlated with impaired phosphorylation of the MAPK ERK1/2 upon TLR9 stimulation. Notably, Dusp9 was not expressed at detectable levels in human pDC, although these displayed similarly impaired activation of ERK1/2 MAPK compared to cDC. Enforced retroviral expression of Dusp9 in mouse GM-CSF-induced cDC increased the expression of TLR7/9-induced IL-12p40 and IFNwhereas IL-10 levels were diminished. Taken together, our results suggest that the species-specific, selective expression of Dusp9 in murine pDC contributes to the differential cytokine/interferon output of pDC and cDC.
Selective Expression of the MAPK Phosphatase Dusp9/MKP-4 in Mouse Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Regulation of IFN-β Production.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRigosertib treatment of head and neck squamous cell cancer
The dual pathway inhibitor rigosertib is effective in direct patient tumor xenografts of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.
Specimen part, Cell line
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