We report the mRNAs bound to ribosomes in peripheral astrocyte processes, thus suggesting local translation in astrocytes. Overall design: Isolation of a synaptoneurosome fraction from mouse cortex in which Astrocyte ribosomes were labeled with eGFP. Immunoprecipitation of GFP from this fraction to obtain astrocyte ribosomes away from the cell body. Performed RNA seq on these purified ribosomes and their bound mRNAs.
Astrocytes locally translate transcripts in their peripheral processes.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesWe have determined the consequences of ICN1 overexpression from retroviral vectors introduced into bone marrow cells.
Oncogenesis of T-ALL and nonmalignant consequences of overexpressing intracellular NOTCH1.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesActivation of b-catenin has been causatively linked to the etiology of colon cancer. Conditional stabilization of this molecule in pro-T-cells promotes thymocyte development without the requirement for preTCR signaling. We show here that activated b-catenin stalls the developmental transition from the double-positive (DP) to the single-positive (SP) thymocyte stage and predisposes DP thymocytes to transformation. b-Catenin induced thymic lymphomas have a leukemic arrest at the early DP stage. Lymphomagenesis requires Rag activity, which peaks at this developmental stage, as well as additional secondary genetic events. A consistent secondary event is the transcriptional upregulation of c-Myc, whose activity is required for transformation since its conditional ablation abrogates lymphomagenesis. In contrast, the expression of Notch receptors as well as targets is reduced in DP thymocytes with stabilized b-catenin and remains low in the lymphomas indicating that Notch activation is not required or selected for in b-catenin induced lymphomas. Thus, b-catenin activation may provide a mechanism for the induction of T-ALL that does not depend on Notch activation.
Beta-catenin stabilization stalls the transition from double-positive to single-positive stage and predisposes thymocytes to malignant transformation.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThere is much controversy about the role of T-regulatory cells (Treg) in human colon cancer. High densities of tumor-infiltrating Treg can correlate with better or worse clinical outcomes depending on the sutdy. Treg have potent anti-inflammatory functions that have been shown to control cancer progression. However, Treg isolated from patient with colon cancer or in mouse models of polyposis do not have the ability to suppress inflammation and instead promote cancer. Gene expression was preformed to determine differences between Treg isolated from healthy mice and Treg isolated from polyp-ridden mice.
Expression of RORγt marks a pathogenic regulatory T cell subset in human colon cancer.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesAPCmin/+ mice develop spontaneous gastrointestinal polyposis due to a dominantly inhereited germline loss-of-function mutation in the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). Changes in intestinal immune activity have been documented to occur prior to the development of fulminate polyposis. Such changes are thought to contribute to disease development.
Oral interleukin-10 alleviates polyposis via neutralization of pathogenic T-regulatory cells.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThis study provides a comprehensive evaluation of changes in gene expression during treatment with Genistein in vitro.
Dose- and Time-Dependent Transcriptional Response of Ishikawa Cells Exposed to Genistein.
Treatment
View SamplesFOXE3 is a lens specific transcription factor that has been associated with anterior segment ocular dysgenesis. To determine the transcriptional target(s) of FOXE3 that are indispensable for the anterior segment development, we examined the transcriptome and the proteome of cells expressing truncated FOXE3 responsible for Peters anomaly identified through linkage-coupled next-generation whole exome sequencing. We found that DNAJB1, an autophagy-associated protein, was the only candidate exhibiting differential expression in both screens. We confirmed the candidacy of DNAJB1 through chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays while knockdown of DNAJB1 in human lens epithelial cells resulted in mitotic arrest. Subsequently, we targeted dnajb1a in zebrafish through injection of a splice-blocking morpholino. The dnajb1a morphants exhibited underdeveloped cataractous lenses with persistent apoptotic nuclei. In conclusion, we have identified DNAJB1 as a transcriptional target of FOXE3 in a novel pathway that is crucial for development of the anterior segment of the eye. Overall design: Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK293FT) cells were transfected with the expression vector (pT-RexTM-DEST30) harboring either the wild type or the mutant (C240*) FOXE3 ORF (open reading frame). The experimental design included a total of eight biological replicates of cells expressing the wild type and eight replicates of mutant FOXE3 along with eight non-transfected controls. Cells were harvested 24-hour post-transfection and subjected to total RNA isolation for the preparation of whole transcriptome next-generation sequencing libraries. Initially, we examined the quality of transcriptome libraries on a MiSeq genome analyzer. Subsequent to confirmation of the quality, all libraries were paired-end sequenced (2 x 100 bp) using Illumina TruSeq Cluster V3 flow cell at a concentration of 13.0 pM in two separate lanes (12 bar-coded mRNA pooled libraries in each lane) on a HiSeq 2000 genome analyzer.
FOXE3 contributes to Peters anomaly through transcriptional regulation of an autophagy-associated protein termed DNAJB1.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe have determined the gene expression profile induced by 17 alpha-ethynyl estradiol (EE) in Ishikawa cells, a human uterine-derived estrogen-sensitive cell line, at various doses (1 pM, 100 pM, 10 nM, and 1 microM) and time points (8, 24, and 48 h). The transcript profiles were compared between treatment groups and controls (vehicle-treated) using high-density oligonucleotide arrays to determine the expression level of approximately 38,500 human genes. By trend analysis, we determined that the expression of 2560 genes was modified by exposure to EE in a dose- and time-dependent manner (p </= 0.0001). The annotation available for the genes affected indicates that EE exposure results in changes in multiple molecular pathways affecting various biological processes, particularly associated with development, morphogenesis, organogenesis, cell proliferation, cell organization, and biogenesis. All of these processes are also affected by estrogen exposure in the uterus of the rat. Comparison of the response to EE in both the rat uterus and the Ishikawa cells showed that 71 genes are regulated in a similar manner in vivo as well as in vitro. Further, some of the genes that show a robust response to estrogen exposure in Ishikawa cells are well known to be estrogen responsive, in various in vivo studies, such as PGR, MMP7, IGFBP3, IGFBP5, SOX4, MYC, EGR1, FOS, CKB, and CCND2, among others. These results indicate that transcript profiling can serve as a viable tool to select reliable in vitro systems to evaluate potential estrogenic activities of target chemicals and to identify genes that are relevant for the estrogen response.
The genomic response of a human uterine endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line to 17alpha-ethynyl estradiol.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis study provides a comprehensive evaluation of changes in gene expression during treatment with Bisphenol A in vitro.
The genomic response of Ishikawa cells to bisphenol A exposure is dose- and time-dependent.
Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesTo better understand the mechanistic basis of aging and its relationship with retinal degeneration, we examined gene expression changes in aging rod photoreceptors. Rod photoreceptor cell death is a feature of normal retinal aging and is accelerated in many retinal degenerative diseases, including AMD, the leading cause of untreatable adult blindness in the United States and other western countries. To our knowledge, the examination of age-related gene expression changes in a specific neuronal cell-type is novel, and it has allowed us to identify significant age-related changes with better resolution than is possible with whole retina samples. We used flow cytometry and a transgenic mouse with GFP-tagged rod photoreceptors to purify this specific cell population, and gene expression changes were evaluated at three time points using microarrays and quantitative RT-PCR. Our results suggest that aging is progressive, beginning even in young adult mice. Although rod photoreceptors are highly specialized neurons, our analyses revealed changes in consensus pathways of aging, including oxidative phosphorylation and stress responses affecting transcription and inflammation. In addition, we identified stress response processes that may be especially relevant for the aging retina and retinal diseases, such as angiogenesis and nuclear receptor signaling pathways that affect retinoid and lipid metabolism.
Distinct signature of altered homeostasis in aging rod photoreceptors: implications for retinal diseases.
Age, Specimen part
View Samples