The MUC1 oncoprotein is aberrantly overexpressed in diverse human malignancies including breast and lung cancer. Although MUC1 modulates the activity of several transcription factors, there is no information regarding the effects of MUC1 on global gene expression patterns and the potential role of MUC1-induced genes in predicting outcome for cancer patients. We have developed an experimental model of MUC1-induced transformation that has identified the activation of gene families involved in oncogenesis, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling. A set of experimentally-derived MUC1-induced genes associated with tumorigenesis was applied to the analysis of breast and lung adenocarcinoma cancer databases. A 35-gene MUC1-induced tumorigenesis signature (MTS) predicts significant decreases in both disease-free and overall survival in patients with breast (n = 295) and lung (n = 442) cancers. The data demonstrate that the MUC1 oncoprotein contributes to the regulation of genes that are highly predictive of clinical outcome in breast and lung cancer patients.
MUC1-induced alterations in a lipid metabolic gene network predict response of human breast cancers to tamoxifen treatment.
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STAT1 is overexpressed in tumors selected for radioresistance and confers protection from radiation in transduced sensitive cells.
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View SamplesNu61, a radiation-resistant human tumor xenograft, was selected from a parental radiosensitive tumor SCC-61 by eight serial cycles of passage in athymic nude mice and in vivo irradiation.
STAT1 is overexpressed in tumors selected for radioresistance and confers protection from radiation in transduced sensitive cells.
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View SamplesNu61, a radiation-resistant human tumor xenograft, was selected from a parental radiosensitive tumor SCC-61 by eight serial cycles of passage in athymic nude mice and in vivo irradiation.
STAT1 is overexpressed in tumors selected for radioresistance and confers protection from radiation in transduced sensitive cells.
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View SamplesNu61, a radiation-resistant human tumor xenograft, was selected from a parental radiosensitive tumor SCC-61 by eight serial cycles of passage in athymic nude mice and in vivo irradiation.
STAT1 is overexpressed in tumors selected for radioresistance and confers protection from radiation in transduced sensitive cells.
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View SamplesWound infections are traditionally thought to occur when microbial burden exceeds the innate clearance capacity of host immune system. Here we introduce the idea that the wound environment itself plays a significant contributory role to wound infection.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection involves activation of its iron acquisition system in response to fascial contact.
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View SamplesSamples were obtained from 8 patients with Barrett's associated adenocarcinomas after transhiatal esophagectomy. Samples representative of the normal esophageal epithelium (N), Barretts esophagus (B) and esophageal adenocarcinomas (ADC) were obtained from every patient by experienced GI pathologists. RNA were extracted and samples were profiled for detection of genes differentially expressed in B and ADC relative to N and in ADC relative to B.
Progression of Barrett's metaplasia to adenocarcinoma is associated with the suppression of the transcriptional programs of epidermal differentiation.
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View SamplesEndothelial inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases; however, the role of tumor endothelial inflammation in the growth of experimental tumors and its influence on the prognosis of human cancers is less understood. TNF-, an important mediator of tumor stromal inflammation, is known to target the tumor vasculature. In this study, we demonstrate that B16-F1 melanomas grew more rapidly in C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice than in syngeneic mice with germline deletions of both TNF- receptors (KO). This enhanced tumor growth was associated with increased COX2 inflammatory expression in WT tumor endothelium compared to endothelium in KO mice. We purified endothelial cells from WT and KO tumors and characterized dysregulated gene expression, which ultimately formed the basis of a 6-gene Inflammation-Related Endothelial-derived Gene (IREG) signature. This inflammatory signature expressed in WT tumor endothelial cells was trained in human cancer datasets and predicted a poor clinical outcome in breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer and glioma. Consistent with this observation, conditioned media from human endothelial cells treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF- and interferons) accelerated the growth of human colon and breast tumors in immune-deprived mice as compared with conditioned media from untreated endothelial cells. These findings demonstrate that activation of endothelial inflammatory pathways contributes to tumor growth and progression in diverse human cancers.
Tumor endothelial inflammation predicts clinical outcome in diverse human cancers.
Specimen part
View SamplesOne critical task in pluripotent reprogramming is to erase the somatic transcriptional program of starting cells. No strategy or theory exists for achieving erasure of somatic gene expression memory. Here, we present a proof-of-principle strategy in which reprogramming to pluripotency is facilitated by small molecules that erase somatic cell transcription memory. We show that mild chemical targeting of the acetyllysine-binding pockets of the BET bromodomains, the transcriptional bookmarking domains, robustly enhances reprogramming. Furthermore, we show that chemical targeting of the transcriptional bookmarking BET bromodomains dramatically downregulates specific somatic gene expression programs in both naïve and reprogramming fibroblasts. Chemical blocking of the BET bromodomains also resulted in loss of fibroblast morphology early in reprograming. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate a concept for cell fate conversion: facilitating the conversion by chemically targeting the transcriptional bookmarking BET bromodomains responsible for transcriptional memory. Overall design: human BJ cells were treated with JQ1 at 50 nM for 48 hours. Differential expression was compared with DMSO treatment. The same treatments and comparsion were conducted for reprogramming BJ cells, which were transduced with OCT4, SOX2, and KLF4. JQ1iPSC5 is a iPSC (induced pluripotent stem cell) line generated in this study using small molecules JQ1.
Reprogramming by De-bookmarking the Somatic Transcriptional Program through Targeting of BET Bromodomains.
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View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Hijacking a key chromatin modulator creates epigenetic vulnerability for MYC-driven cancer.
Specimen part, Treatment
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