Memory helper T (Th) cells are crucial for secondary immune responses against infectious microorganisms but also drive the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases. Therefore, it is of fundamental importance to understand how memory T cells are generated. However, the molecular mechanisms governing memory Th cell generation remain incompletely understood. Here, we identified CD30 as a molecule heterogeneously expressed on effector Th1 and Th17 cells, and CD30hi effector Th1 and Th17 cells preferentially generated memory Th1 and Th17 cells. We found that CD30 mediated signal induced Transglutaminase-2 (TG2) expression, and that the TG2 expression in effector Th cells is essential for memory Th cell generation. In fact, Cd30-deficiency resulted in the impaired generation of memory Th1 and Th17 cells, which can be rescued by overexpression of TG2. Furthermore, transglutaminase-2 (Tgm2)-deficient CD4 T cells failed to become memory Th cells. As a result, T cells from Tgm2-deficient mice displayed impaired antigen-specific antibody production and attenuated Th17-mediated allergic responses. Our data indicate that CD30-induced TG2 expression in effector Th cells is essential for the generation of memory Th1 and Th17 cells, and that CD30 can be a marker for precursors of memory Th1 and Th17 cells.
Essential Role for CD30-Transglutaminase 2 Axis in Memory Th1 and Th17 Cell Generation.
Specimen part
View SamplesWe established transgenic mice overexpressing the histone demethyase LSD1/KDM1A under the control of Sca-1 promoter and investigated the global changes in gene expression in hematopoietic progenitor cells using a microarray-
Overexpression of the shortest isoform of histone demethylase LSD1 primes hematopoietic stem cells for malignant transformation.
Specimen part
View SamplesIngestion of collagen peptide elicits beneficial effects on the body. Improvement of blood lipid is one of the effects, but its mechanism remains unclear. Male BALB/cCrSlc mice were bred with the AIN-93M diet containing 14% casein or AIN-93M-based low-protein diet containing 10% casein or diet containing 6% casein+4% collagen peptide (n=12/group) for 10 weeksTotal, free, and esterified cholesterol levels in the blood decreased in the collagen peptide group. DNA microarray analysis of the liver revealed that expression of the genes related to lipid metabolic process, such as PPAR signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism, increased in the collagen peptide group compared to the 10% casein group. In contrast, expression of the genes related to unfolded protein response (UPR) and protein level of phospho-IRE1 decreased. Our data suggest that lipid metabolism in the liver was altered by collagen ingestion, which probably results in the decreased levels of blood cholesterol.
Collagen peptide ingestion alters lipid metabolism-related gene expression and the unfolded protein response in mouse liver.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThe nipple is an example of specialized epidermis. The unique epidermal stratification and gene expression is induced and maintained by developmental distinct fibroblast populations.
Estrogen modulates mesenchyme-epidermis interactions in the adult nipple.
Sex, Specimen part
View Samplesp63, like its homologue, the tumor suppressor p53, is also able to induce apoptosis in several cancer cell types. p53 family proteins are composed of three characteristic domains which are: 1) an N-terminal transactivation domain (TAD); 2) a central DNA-binding domain (DBD); and 3) an oligomerization domain (OD). In this study, we constructed recombinant adenoviruses containing hybrid genes composed of fragments of p53 and TAp63 genes by connecting coding sequences of their three functional domains. The potency of tumor growth suppression of these hybrid molecules was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo models. One of the p53-p63 hybrid molecules, p63-53O, was observed to be the most potent activator of human cancer cells to apoptosis when compared to the p53, TAp63 or several alternative p53-p63 hybrid molecules. p63-53O hybrid is composed of TAD and DBD of TAp63 and OD of p53. In an effort to identify specific targets regulated by pro-apoptotic hybrid p63-53O, we next performed Affymetrix Genechip analysis and compared expression patterns in a human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 transfected separately with Ad-p53, Ad-TAp63 and Ad-p63-53O.
A novel approach to cancer treatment using structural hybrids of the p53 gene family.
Cell line
View SamplesThe SSG1-1 mutation was an allele of the YHR032W gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The SSG1-1 mutants contained higher levels of AdoMet than wild type (WT). SSG1-1 single mutants were shown to have a long lifespan, suggesting that the Ssg1-1 protein might have a role in longevity.
Stimulating S-adenosyl-l-methionine synthesis extends lifespan via activation of AMPK.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe p53 family consists of three members, p53, p73, and p63. These proteins share a high degree of amino-acid sequence similarity and major functional domains. The p53 gene, the first member of the family to be identified, is the most frequent target gene for genetic alterations in human cancers. In contrast, p73 and p63 are mainly involved in normal development and differentiation. These differences among the p53 family are likely to depend on activation or repression of different sets of target genes. In this study, to identify targets specifically regulated by p73, we performed microarray analysis and compared expression patterns in a human steosarcoma cell line Saos-2 infected separately with p53 and TAp73beta expressing adenovirus.
p53 family members regulate the expression of the apolipoprotein D gene.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe generated a transgenic mouse line which express EGFP in the retina driven by the Crx promoter using BAC transgenesis. We sorted EGFP-positive photoreceptor precursors at E17.5 using FACS, and subsequently performed microarray analysis of the FACS-sorted cells.
Gene expression analysis of embryonic photoreceptor precursor cells using BAC-Crx-EGFP transgenic mouse.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Effects of long-term intake of a yogurt fermented with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus 2038 and Streptococcus thermophilus 1131 on mice.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesWe compared the gene expressions of the intestine, liver and spleen tissues between mice at 4 months of age and mice at 28 months of age. We used microarrays to examine the age-related changes of gene expressions of the jejunum, ileum, distal colon, liver and spleen in mice. Abbreviations used: C, 28-month-old mice; Y, 4-month-old mice.
Effects of long-term intake of a yogurt fermented with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus 2038 and Streptococcus thermophilus 1131 on mice.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View Samples