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SRP136021
Mus musculus
384 Downloadable Samples
Illumina HiSeq 2500
Description
Fibrosis is the common final pathway of virtually all chronic injury to the kidney. While it is well accepted that myofibroblasts are the scar-producing cells in the kidney, their cellular origin is still hotly debated. The relative contribution of proximal tubular epithelium and circulating cells including mesenchymal stem cells, macrophages and fibrocytes to the myofibroblast pool remains highly controversial. Using inducible genetic fate tracing of proximal tubular epithelium we confirm that proximal tubule does not contribute to the myofibroblast pool. However, in parabiosis models in which one parabiont is genetically labeled and the other is unlabeled and undergoes kidney fibrosis, we demonstrate that a small fraction of genetically labeled renal myofibroblasts derive from the circulation. Single cell RNA-Sequencing confirms this finding but indicates that these cells are circulating monocytes, express few extracellular matrix or other myofibroblast genes and do express many proinflammatory cytokines. We conclude that this small circulating myofibroblast progenitor population contributes to renal fibrosis by paracrine rather than direct mechanisms. Overall design: Single cell RNA-seq was performed on FACS-sorted PDGFRB+CD45- and PDGFRB+CD45+ cell populations
Publication Title
Parabiosis and single-cell RNA sequencing reveal a limited contribution of monocytes to myofibroblasts in kidney fibrosis.
Sample Metadata Fields
Age, Subject
View Samples- Xenopus laevis
- 12 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Xenopus laevis Genome 2.0 Array (xlaevis2)
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
The atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK3 is essential for establishment of epithelial architecture.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Xenopus laevis
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Xenopus laevis Genome 2.0 Array (xlaevis2)
Description
Establishment and maintenance of epithelial architecture are essential for embryonic development and adult physiology. Here, we show that ERK3, a poorly characterized atypical MAPK, regulates epithelial architecture in vertebrates. In Xenopus embryonic epidermal epithelia, ERK3 knockdown impairs adherens and tight junction protein distribution, as well as tight junction barrier function, resulting in epidermal breakdown. Moreover, in human breast epithelial cancer cells, inhibition of ERK3 expression induces thickened epithelia with aberrant adherens and tight junctions. Microarray results suggest an involvement of TFAP2A, a transcription factor important for epithelial gene expression, in ERK3-dependent gene expression changes. TFAP2A knockdown phenocopies ERK3 knockdown in both Xenopus embryos and human cells, and ERK3 is required for full activation of TFAP2A-dependent transcription. Our findings thus reveal that ERK3 regulates epithelial architecture, possibly in cooperation with TFAP2A.
Publication Title
The atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK3 is essential for establishment of epithelial architecture.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Xenopus laevis
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Xenopus laevis Genome 2.0 Array (xlaevis2)
Description
Establishment and maintenance of epithelial architecture are essential for embryonic development and adult physiology. Here, we show that ERK3, a poorly characterized atypical MAPK, regulates epithelial architecture in vertebrates. In Xenopus embryonic epidermal epithelia, ERK3 knockdown impairs adherens and tight junction protein distribution, as well as tight junction barrier function, resulting in epidermal breakdown. Moreover, in human breast epithelial cancer cells, inhibition of ERK3 expression induces thickened epithelia with aberrant adherens and tight junctions. Microarray results suggest an involvement of TFAP2A, a transcription factor important for epithelial gene expression, in ERK3-dependent gene expression changes. TFAP2A knockdown phenocopies ERK3 knockdown in both Xenopus embryos and human cells, and ERK3 is required for full activation of TFAP2A-dependent transcription. Our findings thus reveal that ERK3 regulates epithelial architecture, possibly in cooperation with TFAP2A.
Publication Title
The atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK3 is essential for establishment of epithelial architecture.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Xenopus laevis
- 3 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Xenopus laevis Genome 2.0 Array (xlaevis2)
Description
Sox9 acts together with Sox5 or Sox6 as a master regulator for chondrocyte differentiation; however, how these transcription factors functionally interact and collaborate to regulate chondrogenesis remains unclear. Here we show that the protein kinase MLTK plays an essential role in the onset of chondrogenesis through triggering the induction of Sox6 by Sox9. Knockdown of MLTK in Xenopus embryos results in drastic loss of craniofacial cartilages without defects in neural crest formation. We also find that Sox6 is specifically induced during craniofacial chondrogenesis and this induction is inhibited by MLTK knockdown. Remarkably, Sox6-knockdown embryos display essentially the same phenotype as the MLTK-knockdown embryos; the drastic loss of cartilages and the marked down-regulation of genes involved in chondrogenesis. Microarray analysis reveals a remarkable similarity between Sox6-depleted and MLTK-depleted embryos in their gene expression pattern. Moreover, we find that ectopic expression of MLTK can induce Sox6 expression in a Sox9-dependent manner. These results identify a novel, key regulator for chondrogenesis.
Publication Title
The protein kinase MLTK regulates chondrogenesis by inducing the transcription factor Sox6.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
L-Ser deficiency leads to growth arrest, tissue malformation and embryonic lethality in mice. However, the molecular mechanism by which L-Ser deficiency impairs basic cellular function remains largely unexplored.
Publication Title
Microarray data on altered transcriptional program of Phgdh-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts caused by ʟ-serine depletion.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Xenopus laevis
- 4 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Xenopus laevis Genome Array (xenopuslaevis)
Description
A balance between cell survival and apoptosis is essential for animal development. Although proper development involves multiple interactions between germ layers, little is known about the intercellular and intertissue signaling pathways that promote cell survival in neighboring or distant germ layers . We show that serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) promoted ectodermal cell survival during early Xenopus embryogenesis through a non-cell-autonomous mechanism. Dorsal depletion of SGK1 in Xenopus embryos resulted in shortened axes and reduced head structures with defective eyes, and ventral depletion led to defective tail morphologies. Although the gene encoding SGK1 was mainly expressed in the endoderm and dorsal mesoderm, knockdown of SGK1 caused excessive apoptosis in the ectoderm. SGK1-depleted ectodermal explants showed little or no apoptosis, suggesting non-cell-autonomous effects of SGK1 on ectodermal cells. Microarray analysis revealed that SGK1 knockdown increased the expression of genes encoding FADD and caspase-10, components of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC). Inhibition of DISC function suppressed excessive apoptosis in SGK1-knockdown embryos. SGK1 acted through the transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB to stimulate production of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7), and overexpression of BMP7 in SGK1-knockdown embryos reduced the abundance of DISC components. We show that phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) functioned upstream of SGK1, thus revealing an endodermal and mesodermal pathway from PI3K to SGK1 to NF-kappaB that produces BMP7, which provides a survival signal to the ectoderm by decreasing DISC function.
Publication Title
The kinase SGK1 in the endoderm and mesoderm promotes ectodermal survival by down-regulating components of the death-inducing signaling complex.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- IlluminaGenomeAnalyzerIIx
Description
We report the effects of Rapamycin treatment on the transcriptome of normal human dermal fibroblasts isolated from foreskin (designated 2DD). We sequenced mRNA from 2 replicates of proliferative (PRO) quiescent (QUI, serum starved) or treated with 500nM Rapamycin for 5 days (RAP). Comparative analyses with PRO transcripts a baseline indicate that genes that changed expression from Rapamycin treated fibroblasts are significantly different from those of quiescence cells. Rapamycin treated cells showed a significant enrichment for cytokines from the Il-6 cascade. Overall design: Examination of mRNAs from proliferative, quiescent (serum starvation) and Rapamycin (5oonM, 5days) treated 2DD normal human dermal/foreskin fibroblasts.
Publication Title
Concordance between RNA-sequencing data and DNA microarray data in transcriptome analysis of proliferative and quiescent fibroblasts.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Rattus norvegicus
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Rat Gene 1.0 ST Array (ragene10st)
Description
We demonstrated that, four weeks after the pulmonary artery banding (PAB) operation, rats could be divided into two groups: an F+ group in which the fibrotic area occupied more than 6.5% of the whole area of the heart tissues, and an F- group in which the fibrotic area occupied less than 6.5% of this area.
Publication Title
Fibrosis growth factor 23 is a promoting factor for cardiac fibrosis in the presence of transforming growth factor-β1.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 4 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
APC inactivation is the early process in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer. We established organoid cultures from intestines of genetically modifeid mice harboring Apcfl/fl, Tacc3wt/wt or Apcfl/fl, Tacc3fl/fll and R26CreERT2 allele
Publication Title
Suppression of intestinal tumors by targeting the mitotic spindle of intestinal stem cells.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples