The origin of humans was accompanied by the emergence of new behavioral and cognitive functions, including language and specialized forms of abstract representation. However, the molecular foundations of these human capabilities are poorly understood. Because of the extensive similarity between human and chimpanzee DNA sequences, it has been suggested that many of the key phenotypic differences between species result primarily from alterations in the regulation of genes rather than in their sequences.
Elevated gene expression levels distinguish human from non-human primate brains.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesLymphoid committed CD34+lin-CD10+CD24- progenitors undergo a rebound at month 3 after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in the absence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Here, we analyzed transcriptional programs of cell-sorted circulating lymphoid committed progenitors and CD34+Lin-CD10- non lymphoid progenitors in 11 allo-HSCT patients having (n=5) or not developed (n=6) grade 2 or 3 aGVHD and in 7 age-matched healthy donors. Major deregulated pathways included protein synthesis, energy production, cell cycle regulation and cytoskeleton organization. Notably, genes from protein biogenesis, translation machinery and cell cycle (CDK6) were over-expressed in progenitors from patients in the absence of aGVHD compared with healthy donors and patients affected by aGVHD. Expression of many genes from the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation metabolic pathway leading to ATP production were more specifically increased in lymphoid committed progenitors in absence of aGVHD. This was also the case for genes involved in cell mobilization such as those regulating Rho GTPases activity. In all, we show that circulating lymphoid committed progenitors undergo profound changes in metabolism favoring cell proliferation, energy production and cell mobilization after allo-HSCT in humans. These mechanisms are abolished in case of aGVHD or its treatment, indicating a persistent cell-intrinsic defect after exit from bone marrow.
Alterations of circulating lymphoid committed progenitor cellular metabolism after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in humans.
Disease, Disease stage, Subject
View SamplesLoss of function of the tumor suppressor BRCA1 (Breast Cancer 1) protein is responsible for numerous familial and sporadic breast cancers. We previously identified PABP1 as a novel BRCA1 partner and showed that BRCA1 modulates translation through its interaction with PABP1. We showed that the global translation was diminished in BRCA1-depleted cells and increased in BRCA1-overexpressing cells. Our findings raised the question whether BRCA1 affects translation of all cytoplasmic cellular mRNAs or whether it specifically targets a subset of mRNAs.
BRCA1-Dependent Translational Regulation in Breast Cancer Cells.
Cell line
View SamplesA better understanding of molecular changes during oral tumorigenesis may help defining new personalized prevention strategies. In order to test this hypothesis, we analyzed whole-genome expression changes in a murine model of oral carcinogenesis, induced by an oral carcinogen (4-NQO)
The dynamics of gene expression changes in a mouse model of oral tumorigenesis may help refine prevention and treatment strategies in patients with oral cancer.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesWe have demonstrated that the oncogenic activation of B-RAF (using a truncated delta-BRAF-ER version inducible with tamoxifen) in the melan-a melanocyte cell line triggers the activation of Zeb1 and Twist1 at the expanse of Zeb2 and Snail2. Enforced maintenance of Zeb2 or Snail2 expression reduces the B-RAF oncogenic potential while ectopic expression of Zeb1 or Twist1 cooperates with B-RAF in melan-a cell transformation. To get an insight into the properties of these embryonic transcription factors, gene expression profiles of melan-a-derived cell lines either expressing a non-activated B-RAF (- tamoxifen) or an activated BRAF (+ tamoxifen) alone or in combination with Snail2, Zeb2, Twist1 or Zeb1 have been established.
A switch in the expression of embryonic EMT-inducers drives the development of malignant melanoma.
Cell line
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
EMT inducers catalyze malignant transformation of mammary epithelial cells and drive tumorigenesis towards claudin-low tumors in transgenic mice.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies which may be sensitive to the natural killer (NK) cell anti-tumor response. However, NK cells are frequently defective in AML. Here, we found in an exploratory cohort (n = 46) that NK-cell status at diagnosis of AML separated patients in two groups with a different clinical outcome. Patients with a deficient NK-cell profile, including reduced expression of some activating NK receptors (e.g. DNAM-1, NKp46 and NKG2D) and decreased IFN-g production, had a significantly higher risk of relapse (P = 0.03) independently of cytogenetic classification in multivariate analysis. Patients with defective NK cells showed a profound gene expression decrease in AML blasts for cytokine and chemokine signaling (e.g. IL15, IFNGR1, IFNGR2, CXCR4), antigen processing (e.g. HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, CD74) and adhesion molecule pathways (e.g. PVR, ICAM1). A set of 388 leukemic classifier genes defined in the exploratory cohort was independently validated in a multicentric cohort of 194 AML patients. In total, these data evidenced the interplay between NK-cells and AML blasts at diagnosis allowing an immune-based stratification of AML patients independently of clinical classifications.
Defective NK Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients at Diagnosis Are Associated with Blast Transcriptional Signatures of Immune Evasion.
Disease, Subject
View SamplesAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies which may be sensitive to the natural killer (NK) cell anti-tumor response. However, NK cells are frequently defective in AML. Here, we found in an exploratory cohort (n = 46) that NK-cell status at diagnosis of AML separated patients in two groups with a different clinical outcome. Patients with a deficient NK-cell profile, including reduced expression of some activating NK receptors (e.g. DNAM-1, NKp46 and NKG2D) and decreased IFN-g production, had a significantly higher risk of relapse (P = 0.03) independently of cytogenetic classification in multivariate analysis. Patients with defective NK cells showed a profound gene expression decrease in AML blasts for cytokine and chemokine signaling (e.g. IL15, IFNGR1, IFNGR2, CXCR4), antigen processing (e.g. HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, CD74) and adhesion molecule pathways (e.g. PVR, ICAM1). A set of 388 leukemic classifier genes defined in the exploratory cohort was independently validated in a multicentric cohort of 194 AML patients. In total, these data evidenced the interplay between NK-cells and AML blasts at diagnosis allowing an immune-based stratification of AML patients independently of clinical classifications.
Defective NK Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients at Diagnosis Are Associated with Blast Transcriptional Signatures of Immune Evasion.
Age, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesThe newly identified claudin-low subtype of cancer is believed to represent the most primitive breast malignancies, having arisen from transformation of an early epithelial precursor with inherent stemness properties and metaplastic features. Challenging this hypothesis, we show both in vitro and in vivo that transcription factors inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition can drive the development of claudin-low tumors from differentiated mammary epithelial cells, by playing a dual role in cell transformation and dedifferentiation.
EMT inducers catalyze malignant transformation of mammary epithelial cells and drive tumorigenesis towards claudin-low tumors in transgenic mice.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesThe newly identified claudin-low subtype of cancer is believed to represent the most primitive breast malignancies, having arisen from transformation of an early epithelial precursor with inherent stemness properties and metaplastic features. Challenging this hypothesis, we show both in vitro and in vivo that transcription factors inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition can drive the development of claudin-low tumors from differentiated mammary epithelial cells, by playing a dual role in cell transformation and dedifferentiation.
EMT inducers catalyze malignant transformation of mammary epithelial cells and drive tumorigenesis towards claudin-low tumors in transgenic mice.
Specimen part, Cell line
View Samples