Time course of early development of peripheral nerve, from embryonic day 9.5 to postnatal day 0.
Efficient isolation and gene expression profiling of small numbers of neural crest stem cells and developing Schwann cells.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe source of aldosterone in 30 to 40 % of patients with primary hyperaldosteronism (PA) is unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). The mechanisms causing elevated aldosterone production in APA are unknown. Herein, we examined expression of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) in APA and demonstrate that compared to normal adrenals there is a general elevation of certain GPCR in many APA and/or ectopic expression of GPCR in others. RNA samples from normal adrenals (n = 5), APAs (n = 10), and cortisol-producing adenomas (CPAs) (n=13) were used on 15 genomic expression arrays, each of which included 223 GPCR transcripts presented in at least one out of 15 of the independent microarrays. The array results were confirmed using real-time RT-PCR (qPCR). Four GPCR transcripts exhibited a statistically significant increase that was greater than 3-fold compared to normal adrenals, suggesting a general increase in expression compared to normal adrenal glands. Four GPCR transcripts exhibited a greater than 15-fold increase of expression in one or more of the APA samples compared to normal adrenals. qPCR analysis confirmed array data and found the receptors with the highest fold increase in APA expression to be luteinizing hormone receptor (LH-R), serotonin receptor 4 (HTR4), gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR), glutamate receptor metabotropic 3 (GRM3), endothelin receptor type B-like protein (GPR37), and ACTH receptor (MC2R). There are also sporadic increased expressions of these genes in the CPAs. Together, these findings suggest a potential role of altered GPCR expression in many cases of PA and provide candidate GPCR for further study.
G-protein-coupled receptors in aldosterone-producing adenomas: a potential cause of hyperaldosteronism.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesGlucocorticoids (GCs) are a central component in treating childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (chALL). They mainly act via regulating gene transcription. However, control of mRNA translation by GC has never been assessed systematically. In our research, T- and precursor B-ALL cells were cultured with and without GC for 6 hours and subjected to translational profiling, a technique combining sucrose gradient fractionation and microarray analysis of mRNA in different fractions. Analysis of GC regulation in different pools revealed no significant differences in regulation of mRNA translation by GC, suggesting no evidence for translational regulation by GC.
Translational profiling in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: no evidence for glucocorticoid regulation of mRNA translation.
Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesTmprss6 is the master inhibitor of hepcidin and its inactivation causes iron refractory iron deficiency anemia both in human and in mice. Mice with iron deficiency anemia (IDA)-low hepcidin show a pro-inflammatory response that is blunted in iron deficienct-high hepcidin Tmprss6 null mice. We investigated the transcriptional response associated with chronic hepcidin overexpression by comparing whole genome transcription profiling of the liver of Tmprss6 KO mice and IDA animals, irrespective of iron deficiency.
A strong anti-inflammatory signature revealed by liver transcription profiling of Tmprss6-/- mice.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesOur data mark GIP as a beneficial immunoregulator during obesity and suggest a novel untapped therapeutic potential for specific targeted GIP analogs.
Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor Deficiency Leads to Impaired Bone Marrow Hematopoiesis.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesThe goal of this study was to assess whether the presence of HLA-B*35 contributes to activation of ER stress/UPR and inflammation in lcSScPAH PBMC.
The HLA-B*35 allele modulates ER stress, inflammation and proliferation in PBMCs from Limited Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis patients.
Specimen part
View SamplesQuantitative Analysis of cortical transcriptomes through Next Generation Sequencing (RNA-Seq) from wild-type mice, wild-type mice treated with IL1b (200 ng/mouse, 14h), IL-1R8-/- mice and IL-1R8-/- mice treated with IL1b antagonist Anakinra (25 mg/kg per day for 3 consecutive days, i.p. administration). mRNA profiles of cortical tissue from adult wild-type mice, wild-type mice treated with IL1b (200 ng/kg, 14h), IL-1R8-/- mice (Garlanda et al., 2004), and IL-1R8-/- mice treated with Anakinra (25 mg/kg per day for 3 consecutive days, i.p. administration) were generated by next-generation sequencing (RNA-seq) using Illumina HiSeq 2500 apparatus in paired-end configuration (2x125bp). Each condition was assessed in triplicate (12 mRNA-seq libraries) and, to reduce biological variability, each mRNA library was generated from pooled total RNA isolated from cortical tissue of 3 individual mice. In total, 9 mice per condition were used. Libraries were stranded and multiplexed. To increase sequencing depth, libraries were sequenced in two different lanes. All the libraries were loaded in each of the two lanes. Quality control of the raw data was performed with FastQC (http://www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk/projects/fastqc/). Libraries were trimmed for adapter removal using Trimmomatic (Bolger et al., 2014) and mapped to reference genome (Ensembl GRCm38) using TopHat2 (Kim et al., 2013) and Bowtie2 (Langmead et al., 2009). Library sizes of primary mapped reads were between 70 and 96 million reads. Samtools was used to manipulate BAM files (Li et al., 2009). For calling of differentially expressed genes (DEG), mapped reads were counted with HTSeq v0.6.1 (Anders et al., 2014) and count tables were analysed using DeSeq2 v1.10.1 R-package (Love et al., 2014) with a design of one factor with four levels (“wild-type”, “wild-type + IL1?”, “IL-1R8-/-”, “IL-1R8-/- + Anakinra"), and differences between groups were tested using contrasts for wild-type + IL1b versus wild-type; IL-1R8-/- versus wild-type; IL-1R8-/- + Kineret versus wild-type. For consideration of differentially regulated genes between conditions, we used adjusted p-value < 0.1 or adjusted p-value < 0.05 as indicated in the manuscript. Overall design: mRNA profiles in adult mouse cerebral cortex of wild type (WT), WT mice treated with IL1b (200 ng/kg, 14h), IL-1R8-/- mice, and IL-1R8-/- mice treated with IL1b antagonist Anakinra (25 mg/kg per day for 3 consecutive days, i.p. administration) were generated by deep sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina HiSeq 2500. Each sample was prepared by pooling cortical tissue from 3 idenpendent mice.
Lack of IL-1R8 in neurons causes hyperactivation of IL-1 receptor pathway and induces MECP2-dependent synaptic defects.
Treatment, Subject
View SamplesWnt signaling pathway is thought to have a role in skin fibrosis in Systemic slcerosis. This Randomized, Placebo-Controlled trial examines the effect of beta catenin inhibition on skin expression.
Inhibition of β-Catenin Signaling in the Skin Rescues Cutaneous Adipogenesis in Systemic Sclerosis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of C-82.
Treatment, Time
View Samplesp63 mutations have been associated with several human hereditary disorders characterized by ectodermal dysplasia such as EEC syndrome, ADULT syndrome and AEC syndrome . The location and functional effects of the mutations that underlie these syndromes reveal a striking genotype-phenotype correlation. Unlike EEC and ADULT that result from missense mutations in the DNA-binding domain of p63, AEC is solely caused by missense mutations in the SAM domain of p63. We report a study on the TAp63a isoform, the first to be expressed during development of the embryonic epithelia, and on its naturally occurring Q540L mutant derived from an AEC patient. To assess the effects of the Q540L mutation, we generated stable cell lines expressing TAp63a wt, DeltaNp63 alpha or the TAp63 alpha-Q540L mutant protein and used them to systematically compare the cell growth regulatory activity of the mutant and wt p63 proteins and to generate, by microarray analysis, a comprehensive profile of differential gene expression. We found that the Q540L substitution impairs the transcriptional activity of TAp63a and causes misregulation of genes involved in the control of cell growth and epidermal differentiation.
The Hay Wells syndrome-derived TAp63alphaQ540L mutant has impaired transcriptional and cell growth regulatory activity.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesIn Multiple Sclerosis, the pathological interaction of autoreactive helper T (TH) cells with mononuclear phagocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) drives initiation and maintenance of chronic neuroinflammation. Herein, we found that intrathecal transplantation of neural stem cells (NPCs) in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) impairs the accumulation of inflammatory monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) in the CNS leading to improved clinical outcome. NPCs treatment reduced in the CNS IL-23, IL-1 and TNF-a, cytokines required for terminal differentiation of TH cells and accordingly GM-CSF-producing pathogenic TH cells. In vivo and in vitro transcriptome analyses disclosed that NPC secreted factors induce an inhibition of DC differentiation and maturation, favoring a fate switch towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype. We identified TGF-ß2 as the crucial mediator of NPC immunomodulation: TGFß2 knockout NPCs transplanted in EAE are ineffective in impairing moDC accumulation within the CNS and fail to drive clinical improvement. This study provides evidence that intrathecally injected NPCs interfere with CNS-compartmentalized inflammation of the effector phase of EAE, reprogramming, through the secretion of TGF-ß2, inflammatory monocyte-derived DCs towards anti-inflammatory myeloid cells. Overall design: mRNA profiles of monocyte derived-dendritic cells (moDCs) isolated by FACS sorting at 7 days post-treatment from the CNS (hindbrain and spinal cord) of quadruplicate pool of 4–7 MOG35-55-immunized C57Bl/6 mice either intrathecally injected with PBS or 1 million neural precursor cells (NPCs) at the peak of the disease (2-4 days after clinical onset).
Neural precursor cell-secreted TGF-β2 redirects inflammatory monocyte-derived cells in CNS autoimmunity.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Cell line, Subject
View Samples