To investigate the differences of expression patterns in primary chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) under conditions of contact-inhibition and serum starvation, we undertook a gene profiling study to characterize the transcriptomes of CEFs grown under conditions of contact inhibition, serum starvation or both, in relation to normal growing (cycling) cells.
Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 2 and CHOP Restrict the Expression of the Growth Arrest-Specific p20K Lipocalin Gene to G0.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Nitric Oxide Regulates Gene Expression in Cancers by Controlling Histone Posttranslational Modifications.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesPublication Title: DNA methylation alters transcriptional rates of differentially expressed genes and contributes to pathophysiology in mice fed a high fat diet. It is now well established that an intrauterine environment altered by overnutrition or malnutrition can change gene expression patterns through epigenetic mechanisms that may persist through generations. However, it is less clear if overnutrition alters epigenetic control of gene expression in adults, or if whether such mechanisms contribute to the pathology of obesity. Here we test the hypothesis that exposure to a high fat diet alters hepatic DNA methylation and gene expression patterns, and explore the contribution of such changes to the pathophysiology of overnutrition. RNA-seq and targeted high-throughput bisulfite DNA sequencing were used to undertake a systematic analysis of the hepatic response to a high fat diet. A subset of genes was found whose expression levels were altered in concert with DNA methylation changes. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation of RNA polymerase, we determined that hypermethylation correlated with decreased transcription of two of the genes, Phlda1 and Onecut1. A subnetwork of these genes and their nearest neighbors was generated from an existing Bayesian gene network that contained numerous hepatic regulatory genes involved in lipid and body weight homeostasis. Hepatic-specific depletion of Phlda1 in mice decreased the genes in the subnetwork, and led to increased oil droplet size in standard chow-fed mice, an early indicator of steatosis, validating the contribution of this gene to the phenotype. Overall design: 14 mice fed either a high fat/high sucrose (n=7) or low fat/low sucrose (n=7) diet.
DNA methylation alters transcriptional rates of differentially expressed genes and contributes to pathophysiology in mice fed a high fat diet.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesOur data mark GIP as a beneficial immunoregulator during obesity and suggest a novel untapped therapeutic potential for specific targeted GIP analogs.
Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor Deficiency Leads to Impaired Bone Marrow Hematopoiesis.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesThe source of aldosterone in 30 to 40 % of patients with primary hyperaldosteronism (PA) is unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). The mechanisms causing elevated aldosterone production in APA are unknown. Herein, we examined expression of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) in APA and demonstrate that compared to normal adrenals there is a general elevation of certain GPCR in many APA and/or ectopic expression of GPCR in others. RNA samples from normal adrenals (n = 5), APAs (n = 10), and cortisol-producing adenomas (CPAs) (n=13) were used on 15 genomic expression arrays, each of which included 223 GPCR transcripts presented in at least one out of 15 of the independent microarrays. The array results were confirmed using real-time RT-PCR (qPCR). Four GPCR transcripts exhibited a statistically significant increase that was greater than 3-fold compared to normal adrenals, suggesting a general increase in expression compared to normal adrenal glands. Four GPCR transcripts exhibited a greater than 15-fold increase of expression in one or more of the APA samples compared to normal adrenals. qPCR analysis confirmed array data and found the receptors with the highest fold increase in APA expression to be luteinizing hormone receptor (LH-R), serotonin receptor 4 (HTR4), gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR), glutamate receptor metabotropic 3 (GRM3), endothelin receptor type B-like protein (GPR37), and ACTH receptor (MC2R). There are also sporadic increased expressions of these genes in the CPAs. Together, these findings suggest a potential role of altered GPCR expression in many cases of PA and provide candidate GPCR for further study.
G-protein-coupled receptors in aldosterone-producing adenomas: a potential cause of hyperaldosteronism.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRecurrent mutations in RNA splicing factors SF3B1, U2AF1, and SRSF2 have been reported in hematologic cancers including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, SF3B1 is the only splicing associated gene to be found mutated in CLL and has been shown to induce aberrant splicing. To investigate if any other genomic aberration caused similar transcriptome changes, we clustered RNASeq samples based on an alternative 3' splice site (ss) pattern previously identified in SF3B1-mutant CLL patients. Out of 215 samples, we identified 37 (17%) with alternative 3' ss usage, the majority of which harbored known SF3B1 hotspot mutations. Interestingly, 3 patient samples carried previously unreported in-frame deletions in SF3B1 around K700, the most frequent mutation hotspot. To study the functional effects of these deletions, we used various minigenes demonstrating that recognition of canonical 3' ss and alternative branchsite are required for aberrant splicing, as observed for SF3B1 p.K700E. The common mechanism of action of these deletions and substitutions result in similar sensitivity of primary cells towards splicing inhibitor E7107. Altogether, these data demonstrate that novel SF3B1 in-frame deletion events identified in CLL result in aberrant splicing, a common biomarker in spliceosome-mutant cancers. Overall design: 13 CLL samples, 5 SF3B1 WT, 5 SF3B1 p.K700E, and 3 with in-frame deletions around the K700 position of SF3B1
Novel <i>SF3B1</i> in-frame deletions result in aberrant RNA splicing in CLL patients.
Disease, Disease stage, Subject
View SamplesTime course of early development of peripheral nerve, from embryonic day 9.5 to postnatal day 0.
Efficient isolation and gene expression profiling of small numbers of neural crest stem cells and developing Schwann cells.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesGlucocorticoids (GCs) are a central component in treating childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (chALL). They mainly act via regulating gene transcription. However, control of mRNA translation by GC has never been assessed systematically. In our research, T- and precursor B-ALL cells were cultured with and without GC for 6 hours and subjected to translational profiling, a technique combining sucrose gradient fractionation and microarray analysis of mRNA in different fractions. Analysis of GC regulation in different pools revealed no significant differences in regulation of mRNA translation by GC, suggesting no evidence for translational regulation by GC.
Translational profiling in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: no evidence for glucocorticoid regulation of mRNA translation.
Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesThe goal of this study was to assess whether the presence of HLA-B*35 contributes to activation of ER stress/UPR and inflammation in lcSScPAH PBMC.
The HLA-B*35 allele modulates ER stress, inflammation and proliferation in PBMCs from Limited Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis patients.
Specimen part
View SamplesQuantitative Analysis of cortical transcriptomes through Next Generation Sequencing (RNA-Seq) from wild-type mice, wild-type mice treated with IL1b (200 ng/mouse, 14h), IL-1R8-/- mice and IL-1R8-/- mice treated with IL1b antagonist Anakinra (25 mg/kg per day for 3 consecutive days, i.p. administration). mRNA profiles of cortical tissue from adult wild-type mice, wild-type mice treated with IL1b (200 ng/kg, 14h), IL-1R8-/- mice (Garlanda et al., 2004), and IL-1R8-/- mice treated with Anakinra (25 mg/kg per day for 3 consecutive days, i.p. administration) were generated by next-generation sequencing (RNA-seq) using Illumina HiSeq 2500 apparatus in paired-end configuration (2x125bp). Each condition was assessed in triplicate (12 mRNA-seq libraries) and, to reduce biological variability, each mRNA library was generated from pooled total RNA isolated from cortical tissue of 3 individual mice. In total, 9 mice per condition were used. Libraries were stranded and multiplexed. To increase sequencing depth, libraries were sequenced in two different lanes. All the libraries were loaded in each of the two lanes. Quality control of the raw data was performed with FastQC (http://www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk/projects/fastqc/). Libraries were trimmed for adapter removal using Trimmomatic (Bolger et al., 2014) and mapped to reference genome (Ensembl GRCm38) using TopHat2 (Kim et al., 2013) and Bowtie2 (Langmead et al., 2009). Library sizes of primary mapped reads were between 70 and 96 million reads. Samtools was used to manipulate BAM files (Li et al., 2009). For calling of differentially expressed genes (DEG), mapped reads were counted with HTSeq v0.6.1 (Anders et al., 2014) and count tables were analysed using DeSeq2 v1.10.1 R-package (Love et al., 2014) with a design of one factor with four levels (“wild-type”, “wild-type + IL1?”, “IL-1R8-/-”, “IL-1R8-/- + Anakinra"), and differences between groups were tested using contrasts for wild-type + IL1b versus wild-type; IL-1R8-/- versus wild-type; IL-1R8-/- + Kineret versus wild-type. For consideration of differentially regulated genes between conditions, we used adjusted p-value < 0.1 or adjusted p-value < 0.05 as indicated in the manuscript. Overall design: mRNA profiles in adult mouse cerebral cortex of wild type (WT), WT mice treated with IL1b (200 ng/kg, 14h), IL-1R8-/- mice, and IL-1R8-/- mice treated with IL1b antagonist Anakinra (25 mg/kg per day for 3 consecutive days, i.p. administration) were generated by deep sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina HiSeq 2500. Each sample was prepared by pooling cortical tissue from 3 idenpendent mice.
Lack of IL-1R8 in neurons causes hyperactivation of IL-1 receptor pathway and induces MECP2-dependent synaptic defects.
Treatment, Subject
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