Following androgen ablation therapy (AAT), the vast majority of prostate cancer patients develop treatment resistance with a median time of 18-24 months to disease progression. To identify molecular targets that aid in prostate cancer cell survival and contribute to the androgen independent phenotype, we evaluated changes in LNCaP cell gene expression during 12 months of androgen deprivation. At time points reflecting critical growth and phenotypic changes, we performed Affymetrix expression array analysis to examine the effects of androgen deprivation during the acute response, during the period of apparent quiescence, and during the emergence of highly proliferative, androgen-independent prostate cancer cells (LNCaP-AI). We discovered alterations in gene expression for a host of molecules associated with promoting prostate cancer cell growth and survival, regulating cell cycle progression, apoptosis and adrenal androgen metabolism, in addition to AR co-regulators and markers of neuroendocrine disease. These findings illustrate the complexity and unpredictable nature of cancer cell biology and contribute greatly to our understanding of how prostate cancer cells likely survive AAT. The value of this longitudinal approach lies in the ability to examine gene expression changes throughout the cellular response to androgen deprivation; it provides a more dynamic illustration of those genes which contribute to disease progression in addition to specific genes which constitute a malignant androgen-independent phenotype. In conclusion, it is of great importance that we employ new approaches, such as the one proposed here, to continue exploring the cellular mechanisms of therapy resistance and identify promising targets to improve cancer therapeutics.
Longitudinal analysis of androgen deprivation of prostate cancer cells identifies pathways to androgen independence.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesGlobal analysis of gene expression in 10 day old brm-101 and syd-2 mutant seedlings compared to wild type Landsberg erecta seedlings.
Unique, shared, and redundant roles for the Arabidopsis SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling ATPases BRAHMA and SPLAYED.
Age
View SamplesHistone H3K4 methylation is connected to gene transcription from yeast to humans, but its mechanistic role in transcription and chromatin dynamics remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the functions for Set1 and Jhd2, the sole H3K4 methyltransferase and H3K4 demethylase, respectively, in S. cerevisiae. Our data show that Set1 and Jhd2 predominantly co-regulate transcription. To further understand the role for H3K4 methylation, we overexpressed Flag epitope-tagged SET1-G990E (a dominant hyperactive allele of SET1) in yeast using the constitutive ADH1 promoter (ADH1p). As a control, we also overexpressed Flag epitope-tagged wild type SET1 in yeast. Analysis of gene expression in set1-null, jhd2-null and wild type SET1 or hypeactive SET1-G990E overexpressing mutants together revealed that the transcriptional regulation at a sub-set of genes, inclduing those governing glycogen metabolism and ribosome biogenesis, is highly sensitive to any change (i.e., loss or gain) in H3K4 methylation levels. Overall, we find combined activities of Set1 and Jhd2 via dynamic modulation of H3K4 methylation contribute to positive or negative transcriptional regulation at shared target genes. Overall design: Gene expression changes were generated from five different yeast strains representing wild type control, set1 null and jhd2 null mutants, and wild type SET1 or dominant hyperacive SET1-G990E overexpressing mutants. Three independent biological samples were grown for each strain, total RNA was isolated, libraries were prepared, sequenced, and analyzed separately.
Counteracting H3K4 methylation modulators Set1 and Jhd2 co-regulate chromatin dynamics and gene transcription.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesGlobal deficiency of catalytic subunit Ppp3cb, and tissue-specific ablation of regulatory subunit Ppp3r1 from skeletal muscle but not adipose tissue or liver led to protection from high-fat diet induced obesity and comorbid sequel.
Calcineurin Links Mitochondrial Elongation with Energy Metabolism.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesWe used microarrays to analyze the gene expression profile of CD34+CD45RA+CD7+, CD34+CD45RA+CD10+CD19- and CD34+CD45+CD7-CD10-CD19- HPCs isolated from umbilical cord blood
Molecular characterization of early human T/NK and B-lymphoid progenitor cells in umbilical cord blood.
Specimen part
View SamplesActivated NOTCH1 induces T-ALL in mice when transduced in bone marrow (BM) cells. T-ALL cells activate the calcineurin/NFAT pathway in vivo (Medyouf H. et al. Nat Med 2007 [PMID 17515895]).
Leukemia-initiating cell activity requires calcineurin in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesTo better understand transcriptional regulation during human oogenesis and pre-implantation embryonic development, we defined stage-specific transcription, which revealed cleavage stage as highly distinctive. We present multiple lines of evidence that two cleavage-specific homologs, mouse mDUX and human DUX4, each activate hundreds of cleavage-specific endogenous genes (e.g. ZSCAN4, ZFP352, KDM4E) and retroviral elements (MERVL/HERVL-family). Remarkably, mDux expression converts mouse ESCs into two-cell embryo-like (2C-like) cells by binding to MERVL promoters/enhancers and restoring the chromatin landscape (via ATACseq) to the pattern of mouse two-cell embryos Overall design: We derived and analyzed transcriptomes from seven stages of developing human oocytes and embryos. The blastocyst stage embryos were dissected into inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm lineages and processed independently. Cells from each stage were pooled and RNA was extracted. Two stranded libraries were prepared from each stage. Each library was then split and amplied for 12 or 14 PCR cycles, resulting in four technical replicates per developmental stage. 12 and14 cycle replicates from the same library prep were merged after sequencing
Conserved roles of mouse DUX and human DUX4 in activating cleavage-stage genes and MERVL/HERVL retrotransposons.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesAnalysis of five Notch signaling-dependent human T-ALL cell lines (ALLSIL, DND41, HPBALL, KOPTK1, TALL-1) treated with gamma-secretase inhibitor (GSI) to block Notch signaling. Samples include parental cells, cells rescued by retroviral transduction with ICN (a GSI-independent form of activated Notch1), and cells retrovirally transduced with c-Myc (an important downstream target of Notch1). Results allow segregation of bona fide Notch targets from other genes affected by gamma-secretase inhibition as well as from targets downstream of c-Myc.
High-level IGF1R expression is required for leukemia-initiating cell activity in T-ALL and is supported by Notch signaling.
Cell line
View SamplesHematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) are at the basis of the hematopoietic hierarchy. Their ability to self-renew and differentiate is strictly controlled by molecular signals produced by their surrounding micorenvironments composed of stromal cells. HSPCs first emerge in the AGM (Aorta Gonads Mesonephros) region, amplify in the fetal liver (FL) and are maintained in the adult bone marrow (BM). To further characterize the molecular program of the HSPC niches, we have compared the global transcriptome of HSPC-supportive and non/less-supportive stromal clones established from the AGM, FL and BM.
A systems biology approach for defining the molecular framework of the hematopoietic stem cell niche.
Specimen part
View Samplescomparative expression between stromal MS5 cells treated with (MS5_PD18) or without (MS5_DMSO) MEKi
Interleukin-18 produced by bone marrow-derived stromal cells supports T-cell acute leukaemia progression.
Cell line
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