Gut dysbiosis is closely involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, it remains unclear whether IBD-associated gut dysbiosis plays a primary role in disease manifestation or is merely secondary to intestinal inflammation. Here, we established a humanized gnotobiotic (hGB) mouse system to assess the functional role of gut dysbiosis associated with two types of IBD - Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).
Functional Characterization of Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Gut Dysbiosis in Gnotobiotic Mice.
Specimen part
View SamplesDespite accepted health benefits of dietary fiber, little is known about the mechanisms by which fiber deprivation impacts the gut microbiota and alters disease risk. Using a gnotobiotic model, in which mice were colonized with a synthetic human gut microbiota, we elucidated the functional interactions between dietary fiber, the gut microbiota and the colonic mucus barrier, which serves as a primary defence against pathogens. We show that during chronic or intermittent dietary fiber deficiency, the gut microbiota resorts to host-secreted mucus glycoproteins as a nutrient source, leading to erosion of the colonic mucus barrier. Dietary fiber deprivation promoted greater epithelial access and lethal colitis by the mucosal pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium, but only in the presence of a fiber-deprived microbiota that is pushed to degrade the mucus layer. Our work reveals intricate pathways linking diet, gut microbiome and intestinal barrier dysfunction, which could be exploited to improve health using dietary therapeutics.
A Dietary Fiber-Deprived Gut Microbiota Degrades the Colonic Mucus Barrier and Enhances Pathogen Susceptibility.
Specimen part
View SamplesWe used microarray to detect pathway differences in the hippocampus in mucopolysaccharidosis type VII ( MPS VII ), a mouse model of a lysosomal storage disease
Integrated analysis of proteome and transcriptome changes in the mucopolysaccharidosis type VII mouse hippocampus.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesCoordinated regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system is crucial for the cell to adjust its protein degradation capacity to changing proteolytic requirements. The transcription factor TCF11 has been identified as a regulator for 26S-proteasome formation in human cells to compensate for reduced proteolytic activity. To expand the current knowledge of other UPS-related TCF11 target genes in response to epoxomicin, we performed microarray analyses of cells exposed to epoxomicin and with or without depletion of TCF11.
Proteasomal degradation is transcriptionally controlled by TCF11 via an ERAD-dependent feedback loop.
Specimen part
View Samplesperipheral blood samples of two leukemia patients in remission were profiled by single cell RNA sequencing approximately 1 year after receiving WT1 specific transgenic T cell therapy, at a time when patients were in clinical remission Overall design: single cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells
T cell receptor gene therapy targeting WT1 prevents acute myeloid leukemia relapse post-transplant.
Specimen part, Disease, Subject
View SamplesChronic tendon injuries, also known as tendinopathy, are common among professional and recreational athletes. These injuries result in a significant amount of morbidity and health care expenditure and yet little is known about the molecular mechanism leading to tendinopathy. We have used histological evaluation and molecular profiling to determine the gene expression changes in 23 human patients undergoing surgical procedures for the treatment of chronic tendinopathy. Diseased tendons have altered extracellular matrix, fiber disorientation, increased cellular content and vasculature and the absence of inflammatory cells. Global gene expression profiling identified 1783 transcripts with significant different expression patterns in the diseased tendons. Global pathway analysis further suggests altered expression of extracellular matrix proteins and the lack of an appreciable inflammatory response. We have identified pathways and genes regulated in tendinopathy samples that will help contribute to the understanding of the disease towards the development of novel therapeutics.
Regulation of gene expression in human tendinopathy.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Subject
View SamplesDrugs directly targeting Hepatitis C (HCV) are often rendered useless by the high mutation rate of the virus. Thus, we deduce that targeting of host factor that affect HCV replication may provide enhanced therapy fort HCV infection. Hepatocyte cell line Huh7 is known to be non-permissive for Hepatits C (HCV) replication. Through a method developed by the Rice laboratory (Blight, K.J., et al., J Virol, 2002), selection of a small subset of permissive hepatocytes is possible. The Rice laboratory generated the first permissive cell line, Huh7.5, using this method. We generated another permissive cell line, HRP1, using the same method.
The membrane-bound transcription factor CREB3L1 is activated in response to virus infection to inhibit proliferation of virus-infected cells.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesMembrane-bound transcription factor CREB3L1 undergoes Regulated Intramembrane Proteolysis (RIP) in response to Hepatitis C infection. RIP activates CREB3L1 so that it can prevent the growth of HCV infected cells through the action of downstream genes. We over-expressed a truncated form of CREB3L1 that does not require RIP to enter the nucleus. Cells over-expressing this truncated form were isolated by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS).
The membrane-bound transcription factor CREB3L1 is activated in response to virus infection to inhibit proliferation of virus-infected cells.
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View SamplesPredicting the impact of cis-regulatory sequence on gene expression is a foundational challenge for biology. We combine polysome profiling of hundreds of thousands of randomized 5' UTRs with deep learning to build a predictive model that relates human 5' UTR sequence to translation. Together with a genetic algorithm, we use the model to engineer new 5? UTRs that accurately target specified levels of ribosome loading, providing the ability to tune sequences for optimal protein expression. We show that the same approach can be extended to chemically modified RNA, an important feature for applications in mRNA therapeutics and synthetic biology. We test 35,000 truncated human 5' UTRs and 3,577 naturally-occurring variants and show that the model accurately predicts ribosome loading of these sequences. Finally, we provide evidence of 47 SNVs associated with human diseases that cause a significant change in ribosome loading and thus a plausible molecular basis for disease. Overall design: Polysom profiling and sequencing was performed using a library of 300,000 randomized 5' UTR 50-mers with eGFP used as the CDS. Three RNA chemistries were tested: unmodified, pseudouridine, and 1-methylpseudouridine. These were performed in duplicate (6 samples total). A designed library that includes human 5' UTRs, SNVs, and sequences engineered with a genetic algorithm was used with the eGFP CDS (no duplicate). A second randomized library used mCherry as the CDS, also performed in duplicate.
Human 5' UTR design and variant effect prediction from a massively parallel translation assay.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesILC210 represent a distinct effector population of ILC2 cells that have regulatory potential Overall design: comparison between ILC2 cells with IL-33 stimulation or not on transcriptome change
Alternative activation generates IL-10 producing type 2 innate lymphoid cells.
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples