Neural stem cells (NSC) derived from human parthenogenic stem cells (hpSC) have been observed to show stronger positive functional effects than hpSC-derived dopaminergic neuron precursors (DAP) in treatment of induced Parkinson Disease in animal models. RNAseq of the two types of cells were normalized and analyzed to compare gene expression profiles. Overall design: cDNA library of hpsC, NSC and DAP triplicates were sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 2000. The sequence reads were mapped to hg19 reference genome and hits that passed quality filters were analyzed for differential expression.
Proof of concept studies exploring the safety and functional activity of human parthenogenetic-derived neural stem cells for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Recurrent variations in DNA methylation in human pluripotent stem cells and their differentiated derivatives.
Sex, Specimen part, Disease, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesHuman pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are potential sources of cells for modeling disease and development, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine. However, it is important to identify factors that may impact the utility of hPSCs for these applications. In an unbiased analysis of 205 hPSC and 130 somatic samples, we identified hPSC-specific epigenetic and transcriptional aberrations in genes subject to X chromosome inactivation (XCI) and genomic imprinting, which were not corrected during directed differentiation. We also found that specific tissue types were distinguished by unique patterns of DNA hypomethylation, which were recapitulated by DNA demethylation during in vitro directed differentiation. Our results suggest that verification of baseline epigenetic status is critical for hPSC-based disease models in which the observed phenotype depends on proper XCI or imprinting, and that tissue-specific DNA methylation patterns can be accurately modeled during directed differentiation of hPSCs, even in the presence of variations in XCI or imprinting.
Recurrent variations in DNA methylation in human pluripotent stem cells and their differentiated derivatives.
Sex, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesActivation of glycolytic genes by HIF-1 is considered critical for metabolic adaptation to hypoxia. We found that HIF-1 also actively suppresses glucose metabolism through the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) by directly trans-activating the gene encoding pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1). PDK1 inactivates the TCA cycle enzyme, pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), which converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. Forced PDK1 expression in hypoxic HIF-1-null cells increases ATP levels, attenuates hypoxic ROS generation and rescues these cells from hypoxia-induced apoptosis. These studies reveal a novel hypoxia-induced metabolic switch that shunts glucose metabolites from the mitochondria to glycolysis to maintain ATP production and to prevent toxic ROS production.
HIF-1-mediated expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase: a metabolic switch required for cellular adaptation to hypoxia.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesAbnormal development of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is associated with a number of neuropsychiatric disorders that have an onset in childhood or adolescence. Although the basic laminar structure of the PFC is established in utero, extensive remodeling continues into adolescence. To map the overall pattern of changes in cortical gene transcripts during post-natal development, we made serial measurements of mRNA levels in mouse PFC using oligonucleotide microarrays. We observed changes in mRNA transcripts consistent with known post-natal morphological and biochemical events. Overall, most transcripts that changed significantly showed a progressive decrease in abundance after birth, with the majority of change between post-natal weeks 2 and 4. Genes with cell proliferative, cytoskeletal, extracellular matrix, plasma membrane lipid / transport, protein folding, and regulatory functions had decreases in mRNA levels. Quantitative PCR verified the microarray results for six selected genes: DNA methyltransferase 3A (Dnmt3a), procollagen, type III, alpha 1 (Col3a1), solute carrier family 16 (monocarboxylic acid transporters), member 1 (Slc16a1), MARCKS-like 1 (Marcksl1), nidogen 1 (Nid1) and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (heart, mitochondrial) (Bdh).
Microarray analysis of the developing cortex.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis work is part of the paper: Generation of a murine hepatic angiosarcoma cell line and reproducible mouse tumor model, Rothweiler S et al, Laboratory Investigation, 2014
Generation of a murine hepatic angiosarcoma cell line and reproducible mouse tumor model.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesUterine leiomyomata (UL), the most common neoplasm in reproductive-age women, have recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities including del(7)(q22q32). To develop a molecular signature, matched del(7q) and non-del(7q) tumors identified by FISH or karyotyping from 11 women were profiled with expression arrays. Our analysis using paired t-tests demonstrates this matched design is critical to eliminate confounding effects of genotype and environment that underlie patient variation. A gene list ordered by genome-wide significance showed enrichment for the 7q22 target region. Modification of the gene list by weighting each sample for percent of del(7q) cells to account for the mosaic nature of these tumors further enhanced the frequency of 7q22 genes. Pathway analysis revealed two of the 19 significant functional networks were associated with development and the most represented pathway was protein ubiquitination, which can influence tumor development by stabilizing oncoproteins and destabilizing tumor suppressor proteins. Array CGH (aCGH) studies determined the only consistent genomic imbalance was deletion of 9.5 megabases from 7q22-7q31.1. Combining the aCGH data with the del(7q) UL mosacism-weighted expression analysis resulted in a list of genes that are commonly deleted and whose copy number is correlated with significantly decreased expression. These genes include the proliferation inhibitor HPB1, the loss of expression of which has been associated with invasive breast cancer, as well as the mitosis integrity-maintenance tumor suppressor RINT1. This study provides a molecular signature of the del(7q) UL subgroup and will serve as a platform for future studies of tumor pathogenesis.
Identifying the molecular signature of the interstitial deletion 7q subgroup of uterine leiomyomata using a paired analysis.
Disease
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Human β-defensin 3 affects the activity of pro-inflammatory pathways associated with MyD88 and TRIF.
Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View SamplesWe examine the global effect of hBD3 on transcription in TLR4-stimulated macrophages and for the first time show that hBD3 inhibits the transcription of critical pro-inflammatory genes.
Human β-defensin 3 affects the activity of pro-inflammatory pathways associated with MyD88 and TRIF.
Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View SamplesGene expression profiling for identification of genes regulated by DNA methylation
Genome-wide screening of genes regulated by DNA methylation in colon cancer development.
Specimen part, Cell line
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