To examine whether the BPA-induced morphological alterations of the fetal mouse mammary glands are a) associated with changes in mRNA expression reflecting estrogenic actions and/or b) dependent on the estrogen receptor (ER), we compared the transcriptomal effects of BPA and the steroidal estrogen ethinylestradiol (EE2) on fetal mammary tissues of wild type and ER knock-out mice.
Low-dose BPA exposure alters the mesenchymal and epithelial transcriptomes of the mouse fetal mammary gland.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesAntibiotic-treated (ABX) mice exhibit an impaired innate and adaptive antiviral immune response and substantially delayed viral clearance following exposure to systemic LCMV or mucosal influenza virus. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling of macrophages isolated from ABX mice revealed decreased expression of genes associated with antiviral immunity. Moreover, macrophages from ABX mice exhibited defective responses to type I and type II IFNs and impaired capacity to limit viral replication. Collectively, these data indicate that commensal-derived signals provide tonic immune stimulation that establishes the activation threshold of the innate immune system required for optimal antiviral immunity.
Commensal bacteria calibrate the activation threshold of innate antiviral immunity.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThe immense molecular diversity of neurons challenges our ability to deconvolve the relationship between the genetic and the cellular underpinnings of neuropsychiatric disorders.
The disruption of Celf6, a gene identified by translational profiling of serotonergic neurons, results in autism-related behaviors.
Sex, Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesRNA was isolated from FFPE samples of IDH1 mutant, WT tumors and normal brains Overall design: Determination of the glioma subtype in IDH1 mutant and WT tumors
Mutant IDH1 Promotes Glioma Formation In Vivo.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesPurpose: The goals of this study were to identify preferential gene expression signatures that are unique to Tregs in neonatal skin relative to peripheral Tregs Methods: Tregs from telogen skin and SDLNs were purified by cell sorting (using the Treg GFP reporter mouse line Foxp3-DTR/GFP) to generate mRNA transcription profiles. Results: Transcriptional profiling revealed a unique neonatal skin Treg signature relative to SDLN Tregs Conclusion: Our study represents the first detailed analysis of the neonatal skin Treg transcriptome. Overall design: mRNA profiles of skin and SDLN Tregs isolated from 13 day old Foxp3-DTR/GFP mice.
Commensal Microbes and Hair Follicle Morphogenesis Coordinately Drive Treg Migration into Neonatal Skin.
Age, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesCCR6+ innate lymphoid cells were sorted from the mesenteric lymph node of nave C57BL/6 mice
Immune tolerance. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells mediate intestinal selection of commensal bacteria-specific CD4⁺ T cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe FinHER trial is a multicentre phase 3 randomised adjuvant breast cancer trial that enrolled 1010 patients. The women were randomly assigned to receive three cycles of docetaxel or vinorelbine, followed by three cycles of fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide.
Integrative proteomic and gene expression analysis identify potential biomarkers for adjuvant trastuzumab resistance: analysis from the Fin-her phase III randomized trial.
Age, Disease stage
View SamplesInterleukin (IL)-2 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is necessary to prevent chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. The protective effects of IL-2 involve the generation, maintenance and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs), and low-dose IL-2 has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. However, the cellular and molecular pathways that control the production of IL-2 in the context of intestinal health are undefined. Here we identify that IL-2 is acutely required to maintain Tregs and immunologic homeostasis throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Strikingly, lineage-specific deletion of IL-2 in T cells could recapitulate these phenotypes in the large intestine, but not in the small intestine. Unbiased analyses revealed that group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) are the dominant cellular source of IL-2 in the small intestine, which is selectively induced by IL-1ß. Macrophages produce IL-1ß in the small intestine and activation of this pathway involves MyD88- and Nod2-dependent sensing of the microbiota. Loss-of-function studies defined that ILC3-derived IL-2 is essential to maintain Tregs, immunologic homeostasis and oral tolerance to dietary antigens uniquely in the small intestine. Furthermore, ILC3 production of IL-2 was significantly reduced in the small intestine of Crohn's disease patients, and this correlated with diminished Tregs. Collectively, these results reveal a previously unappreciated pathway whereby a microbiota- and IL-1ß-dependent axis promotes ILC3 production of IL-2 to orchestrate immune regulation in the small intestine. Overall design: RNAs of ILC3s or CD4+ T cells were respectively sorted as CD45+CD3-ROR?tGFP+CD127+ or CD45+CD3+CD4+ from 3 wild type mice.
Innate lymphoid cells support regulatory T cells in the intestine through interleukin-2.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently recognized heterogenous group of immune cells that are critical in orchestrating immunity and inflammation in the intestine, but whether ILCs influence immune responses or tissue homeostasis at other mucosal sites remains poorly characterized. Here we identify a population of lung-resident ILCs in mice and humans that expressed the alloantigen Thy-1 (CD90), interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor a-chain (CD25), IL-7 receptor a-chain (CD127) and the IL-33 receptor subunit T1-ST2. Notably, mouse ILCs accumulated in the lung after infection with influenza virus, and depletion of ILCs resulted in loss of airway epithelial integrity, diminished lung function and impaired airway remodeling. These defects were restored by administration of the lung ILC product amphiregulin. Collectively, our results demonstrate a critical role for lung ILCs in restoring airway epithelial integrity and tissue homeostasis after infection with influenza virus.
Innate lymphoid cells promote lung-tissue homeostasis after infection with influenza virus.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe fungal pathogen Ustilago maydis establishes a biotrophic relationship with its host plant maize. Hallmarks of the disease are large plant tumors in which fungal proliferation occurs. Plants have developed various defense pathways to cope with pathogens. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression during the infection process of Ustilago maydis in its host plant to get insights into the defense programs and the metabolic reprogramming needed to supply the fungus with nutrients.
Ustilago maydis infection strongly alters organic nitrogen allocation in maize and stimulates productivity of systemic source leaves.
Specimen part
View Samples