Gene expression in murine ES cells
Modeling insertional mutagenesis using gene length and expression in murine embryonic stem cells.
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Brain transcriptional and epigenetic associations with autism.
Age, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Subject
View SamplesThe LEF/TCF family of transcription factors are downstream effectors of the WNT signaling pathway, which drives colon tumorigenesis. LEF/TCFs have a DNA sequence-specific HMG box that binds Wnt Response Elements (WREs). The E tail isoforms of TCFs are alternatively spliced to include a second DNA binding domain called the C-clamp. We show that induction of a dominant negative C-clamp version of TCF1 (dnTCF1E) induces a p21-dependent stall in the growth of DLD1 colon cancer cells. Induction of a C-clamp mutant did not induce p21 or stall cell growth. Microarray analysis revealed that induction of p21 by dnTCF1EWT correlated with a decrease in expression of p21 suppressors that act at multiple levels from transcription (SP5, YAP1, RUNX1), to RNA stability (MSI2), and protein stability (CUL4A). We show that the C-clamp is a sequence specific DNA binding domain that can make contacts with 5-RCCG-3 elements upstream or downstream of WREs. The C-clamp-RCCG interaction was critical for TCF1E mediated transcriptional control of p21-connected target gene promoters. Our results indicate that a WNT/p21 circuit is driven by C-clamp target gene selection.
A WNT/p21 circuit directed by the C-clamp, a sequence-specific DNA binding domain in TCFs.
Specimen part
View SamplesAutism is a common neurodevelopmental syndrome. Numerous rare genetic etiologies are reported; most cases are idiopathic. To uncover important gene dysregulation in autism we analyzed carefully selected idiopathic autistic and control cerebellar and BA19 (occipital) brain tissues using high resolution whole genome gene expression and DNA methylation microarrays. No changes in DNA methylation were identified in autistic brain but gene expression abnormalities in two areas of metabolism were apparent: down-regulation of genes of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and of protein translation. We also found associations between specific behavioral domains of autism and specific brain gene expression modules related to myelin/myelination, inflammation/immune response and purinergic signaling. This work highlights two largely unrecognized molecular pathophysiological themes in autism and suggests differing molecular bases for autism behavioral endophenotypes.
Brain transcriptional and epigenetic associations with autism.
Age
View SamplesExpression data from antigen-experienced Nfat1+/+ and Nfat1-/- CD4+ T cells following 21 days of Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL infection.
The Transcription Factor NFAT1 Participates in the Induction of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cell Functional Exhaustion during Plasmodium yoelii Infection.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesWe hypothesized that preterm spontaneous labor involves aberrant changes in mRNA expression in the placenta. To test this hypothesis, we interrogated the mRNA levels of >50,000 genes and transcript variants using gene expression microarray (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array, Affymetrix) on 5 placentas collected from preterm spontaneous delivery (<34 weeks of gestation) and another 5 placentas collected from term spontaneous delivery (38-39 weeks).
Systematic identification of spontaneous preterm birth-associated RNA transcripts in maternal plasma.
Specimen part
View SamplesDifferentially expressed mRNA transcripts in the placenta delivered by term spontaneous labour compared to those delivered by elective term cesarean section.
Systematic identification of spontaneous preterm birth-associated RNA transcripts in maternal plasma.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis study examined the small antral follicles (SAFs) in ovaries of young adult rhesus monkeys following consumption of a western-style diet (WSD), with or without chronically elevated androgen levels since before puberty. Cholesterol or testosterone (T; n=6/group) implants were placed subcutaneously beginning at 1 yr of age, with addition of a WSD (high fat/fructose) at 5.5 yrs. Ovaries from treated females and age-matched controls were collected at 7 yrs of age. Compared to controls, consumption of a WSD, with and without T treatment, increased the numbers of SAFs per ovary (P<0.001), due to the presence of more atretic follicles (P<0.01). Immunostaining for the cellular proliferation markers (pRb and pH3) was greater in granulosa cells of healthy SAFs (P<0.01), while staining for the cell cycle inhibitor (p21) was higher in atretic SAFs (P<0.01). Intense CYP17A1 staining was observed on the theca of SAFs from WSD+/- T groups, compared to controls. Microarray analyses of the transcriptome in SAFs isolated from a subgroup (n=3/grp) of WSD and WSD+T treated females and controls consuming a standard diet, identified mRNA levels for 1944 genes changed >2-fold (p<0.05) among the three groups. Pathway analyses identified several gene pathways altered by WSD and/or WSD+T associated with lipid, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, plus ovarian processes. Alterations of several SAF mRNAs are similar to those observed in follicular cells from women with PCOS. These data indicate chronic exposure to a WSD in the presence and absence of chronically elevated T alters structure and function of SAFs within primate ovaries.
Western-style diet, with and without chronic androgen treatment, alters the number, structure, and function of small antral follicles in ovaries of young adult monkeys.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesWe studied changes in a whole transcriptome during dsDNA virus infection. Overall design: Fibroblasts (MRC5 & HFF) and epithelial cells (ARPE19) were infected with HCMV, HSV1 or Ad5 and total RNA was isolated at 48, 9, or 24 hpi, respectively. Total 15 treatments were used. There were 2 biological replicates analyzed per each treatment.
A tumor-specific endogenous repetitive element is induced by herpesviruses.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesWe studied changes in a whole transcriptome during HCMV infection. Overall design: Fibroblasts (MRC5) were infected with HCMV and total RNA was isolated at 48. Total 2 individual samples were used. There were 3 replicates analyzed per individual sample.
A tumor-specific endogenous repetitive element is induced by herpesviruses.
Specimen part, Subject
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