The yeast Mediator complex can be divided into three modules, designated Head, Middle and Tail. Tail comprises the Med2, Med3, Med5, Med15 and Med16 protein subunits, which are all encoded by genes that are individually non-essential for viability. In cells lacking Med16, Tail is displaced from Head and Middle. However, inactivation of MED5/MED15 and MED15/MED16 are synthetically lethal, indicating that Tail performs essential functions as a separate complex even when it is not bound to Middle and Head. We have used the N-Degron method to create temperature sensitive (ts) mutants in the Mediator tail subunits Med5, Med15 and Med16 to study the immediate effects on global gene expression when each subunit is individually inactivated, and when MED5/15 or MED15/16 are inactivated together.
Functional studies of the yeast med5, med15 and med16 mediator tail subunits.
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View SamplesInnate immune responses rely on expression of potent effector molecules, such as antimicrobial peptides, which have the capability to kill invading microorganisms. The presence and recognition of microbial components triggers several signaling pathways, such as the Toll and IMD pathways, which in turn activate NF-kB/Rel transcription factors to induce transcription of a large number of immune system genes. Not much is known how these genes are kept silent in healthy flies in the presence of commensal microorganisms, and how the expression of immune defense genes is turned off. We found that several immune defense genes are constitutively active in nub[1] mutants, indicating that the POU domain transcription factor Pdm1/Nubbin may act as a repressor of immune gene expression.
The Oct1 homolog Nubbin is a repressor of NF-κB-dependent immune gene expression that increases the tolerance to gut microbiota.
Specimen part
View SamplesUrethra was partially ligated and the urinary bladder was removed 10 days or 6 weeks after obstruction. Sham operated rats were used as controls. An addtitonal group of rats were repoerated 6 weeks after surgery and the obstruction was removed. These rats were then sacrificed 10 days after deobstruction. The bladder (including the urothelium) was frozen and used for RNA extraction.
Mir-29 repression in bladder outlet obstruction contributes to matrix remodeling and altered stiffness.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Array profiling reveals contribution of Cthrc1 to growth of the denervated rat urinary bladder.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesBilateral freezing of the pelvic ganglia in female rats were performed to denervate the urinary bladder. Sham operated rats were used as controls. The rats were sacrificed 10 days after surgery. The urinary bladders (including the urothelium) were frozen and used for RNA extraction.
Array profiling reveals contribution of Cthrc1 to growth of the denervated rat urinary bladder.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesHMGN (high mobility group N) is a family of intrinsically disordered nuclear proteins that binds to nucleosomes, alters the structure of chromatin and affects transcription. A major unresolved question is the extent of functional specificity, or redundancy, between the various members of the HMGN protein family.
Effects of HMGN variants on the cellular transcription profile.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe goal of this study is to compare total RNA expression profiles among wild type, MMTR knock down, and overexpression of full length, C-terminal and N-terminal in G-CCE cells at d0 and d3 after differentiation. All cell lines were maintained in DMEM supplemented with 15% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco, 16141079), 1X MEM Non-Essential Amino Acids Solution (Sigma-Aldrich, M7145), 300 μM monothioglycerol (Sigma-Aldrich, M6145), 1X penicillin/streptomycin, and 1000 U/ml Leukima inhibitory factor (LIF, Sigma-Aldrich, ESG1107) in 0.1% gelatin coated cell culture dishes. To induce differentiation of G-CCE cell lines, Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was eliminated from the culture media for 3 days. Total RNA was amplified and purified using the Ambion Illumina RNA amplification kit (Ambion, AMIL1791) to yield biotinylated cRNA according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Briefly, 550 ng of total RNA was reverse-transcribed to cDNA using a T7 oligo(dT) primer.750 ng of labeled cRNA samples were hybridized to each Mouse WG-6 expression v.2 bead array for 16-18 h at 58°C, according to the manufacturer's instructions (Illumina). Detection of array signal was carried out using Amersham fluorolink streptavidin-Cy3 (Invitrogen, SA1010) following the bead array manual. Arrays were scanned with an Illumina bead array Reader confocal scanner
MMTR/Dmap1 Sets the Stage for Early Lineage Commitment of Embryonic Stem Cells by Crosstalk with PcG Proteins.
Specimen part, Cell line
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