The genetic mechanism governing the spatial patterning of teeth still remains to be elucidated. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is one of key signaling molecules involved in the spatial patterning of teeth. By utilizing maternal transfer of 5E1 (an IgG1 monoclonal antibody against Shh protein) through the placenta to block Shh signaling, we investigated the changes in tooth patterning and in gene expression.
Interactions between Shh, Sostdc1 and Wnt signaling and a new feedback loop for spatial patterning of the teeth.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesResveratrol delays age-related deterioration and mimics transcriptional aspects of dietary restriction without extending lifespan
Resveratrol delays age-related deterioration and mimics transcriptional aspects of dietary restriction without extending life span.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe aim of this study was to identify differential gene and protein expression associated with GBV-C that may be of importance in reduction of HCV-related liver disease. GB virus C (GBV-C) infection leads to improved outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Furthermore, GBV-C has been shown to reduce hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver disease in HCV/HIV co-infection.
Down-regulation of intra-hepatic T-cell signaling associated with GB virus C in a HCV/HIV co-infected group with reduced liver disease.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesRenal artery stenosis (RAS) caused by narrowing of arteries is characterized by microvascular damage. Macrophages are implicated in repair and injury, but the specific populations responsible for these divergent roles have not been identified. Here, we characterized murine kidney F4/80+CD64+ macrophages in three transcriptionally unique populations. Using fate-mapping and parabiosis studies, we demonstrate that CD11b/cint are long-lived kidney-resident (KRM) while CD11chiMf, CD11cloMf are monocyte-derived macrophages. In a murine model of RAS, KRM self-renewed, while CD11chiMf and CD11cloMf increased significantly, which was associated with loss of peritubular capillaries. Replacing the native KRM with monocyte-derived KRM using bone marrow transplantation followed by RAS, amplified loss of peritubular capillaries. To further elucidate the nature of interactions between KRM and peritubular endothelial cells, we performed RNA-sequencing on flow-sorted macrophages from Sham and RAS kidneys. KRM showed a prominent activation pattern in RAS with significant enrichment in reparative pathways, like angiogenesis and wound healing. In culture, KRM increased proliferation of renal peritubular endothelial cells implying direct pro-angiogenic properties. Human homologs of KRM identified as CD11bintCD11cintCD68+ increased in post-stenotic kidney biopsies from RAS patients compared to healthy human kidneys, and inversely correlated to kidney function. Thus, KRM may play protective roles in stenotic kidney injury through expansion and upregulation of pro-angiogenic pathways Overall design: CD11chiMf Sham, n=3; CD11chiMf RAS, n=4; CD11cloMf Sham, n=3; CD11cloMf RAS, n=4; KRM Sham, n=4; KRM RAS, n=3;
Kidney-resident macrophages promote a proangiogenic environment in the normal and chronically ischemic mouse kidney.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesTissue injury, such as incisional wound, results in an inflammatory response as well as acute to chronic mechanical and thermal pain. It is now understood that there is a strong contribution of these immune cells to the pain phenotype.
CD11b+Ly6G- myeloid cells mediate mechanical inflammatory pain hypersensitivity.
Sex, Age
View SamplesWe have established that BMP6 is an important endogenous regulator of human osteoblast differentiation. Our preliminary experiment showed that 8 hour BMP6 treatment induced early osteoblast markers in hMSC.
GAGE: generally applicable gene set enrichment for pathway analysis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe transcriptional responses of human hosts towards influenza viral pathogens are important for understanding virus-mediated immunopathology. Despite great advances gained through studies using model organisms, the complete temporal host transcriptional responses in a natural human system are poorly understood. In a human challenge study using live influenza (H3N2/Wisconsin) viruses, we conducted a clinically uninformed (unsupervised) factor analysis on gene expression profiles and established an ab initio molecular signature that strongly correlates to symptomatic clinical disease. This is followed by the identification of 42 biomarkers whose expression patterns best differentiate early from late phases of infection. In parallel, a clinically informed (supervised) analysis revealed over-stimulation of multiple viral sensing pathways in symptomatic hosts and linked their temporal trajectory with development of diverse clinical signs and symptoms. The resultant inflammatory cytokine profiles were shown to contribute to the pathogenesis because their significant increase preceded disease manifestation by 36 hours. In subclinical asymptomatic hosts, we discovered strong transcriptional regulation of genes involved in inflammasome activation, genes encoding virus interacting proteins, and evidence of active anti-oxidant and cell-mediated innate immune response. Taken together, our findings offer insights into influenza virus-induced pathogenesis and provide a valuable tool for disease monitoring and management in natural environments.
Temporal dynamics of host molecular responses differentiate symptomatic and asymptomatic influenza a infection.
Specimen part
View SamplesAnalysis of genes and pathways related to psychomotor retardation symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder. Results indicate that psychomotor slowing is associated with enrichment of inflammatory and metabolic pathways in unmedicated patients with depression.
Protein and gene markers of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation together associate with functional connectivity in reward and motor circuits in depression.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Race, Subject
View SamplesTissue-specific comparison of gene expression levels in T65H translocation mice, either with or without uniparental duplications of Chrs 7 & 11. Identification of highly differentially expressed transcripts.
Chromosome-wide identification of novel imprinted genes using microarrays and uniparental disomies.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe root epidermis of Arabidopsis provides a simple and experimentally useful model for studying the molecular basis of cell fate and differentiation. The goal of this study was to define the transcript changes in the root epidermis of mutants associated with root epidermis cell specification, including mutants that lack a visible phenotypic alteration (try, egl3, myb23, and ttg2). Transcript levels were assessed by purifying populations of root epidermal cells using fluorescence-based cell-sorting with the WER::GFP transgene. These microarray results were used to compare the effects of single and double mutants on the gene regulatory network that controls root epidermal cell fate and differentiation in Arabidopsis.
Tissue-specific profiling reveals transcriptome alterations in Arabidopsis mutants lacking morphological phenotypes.
Specimen part
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