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GSE8318
Rattus norvegicus
20 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array (rat2302)
Description
The transcriptional events accompanying synaptogenesis are largely unknown, or have been studied in systems in which synapse formation occurs gradually over time. With a system in which synaptogenesis is synchronized and controllable, molecular or biochemical techniques can be used to examine cellular events across cultures on a wide scale, as synapses develop.
Publication Title
Synaptogenesis in purified cortical subplate neurons.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 42 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Expression 430A Array (moe430a)
Description
The mammalian forebrain is a tissue of stunning complexity comprised of numerous regions each containing many distinct cell types that differ in their intrinsic and synaptic physiology, morphology and connectivity. These differences are likely conferred by differential gene expression, but the extent and nature of cell type specific gene expression is largely unknown. Here, we carried out microarray analysis of twelve major classes of fluorescently labelled neurons within the forebrain and provide the first comprehensive view of gene expression differences. The results demonstrate a profound molecular heterogeneity among neuronal subtypes, represented disproportionately by gene paralogs, and begin to reveal the genetic programs underlying the fundamental divisions between neuronal classes including that between glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons.
Publication Title
Molecular taxonomy of major neuronal classes in the adult mouse forebrain.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 32 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Mutations in methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) cause Rett syndrome and related autism spectrum disorders. MeCP2 is believed to be required for proper regulation of brain gene expression, but prior microarray studies in Mecp2 knockout mice using brain tissue homogenates have revealed only subtle changes in gene expression. Here, by profiling discrete subtypes of neurons we uncovered more dramatic effects of MeCP2 on gene expression, overcoming the "dilution problem" associated with assaying homogenates of complex tissues. The results reveal misregulation of genes involved in neuronal connectivity and communication. Importantly, genes up-regulated following loss of MeCP2 are biased toward longer genes but this is not true for down-regulated genes, suggesting MeCP2 may selectively repress long genes. Since genes involved in neuronal connectivity and communication, such as cell adhesion and cell-cell signaling genes, are enriched among longer genes, their misregulation following loss of MeCP2 suggests a possible etiology for altered circuit function in Rett syndrome.
Publication Title
Cell-type-specific repression by methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 is biased toward long genes.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View Samples- Drosophila melanogaster
- 27 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Drosophila Genome 2.0 Array (drosophila2)
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
A role for microRNAs in the Drosophila circadian clock.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Time
View Samples- Drosophila melanogaster
- 27 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Drosophila Genome 2.0 Array (drosophila2)
Description
Little is known about the contribution of translational control to circadian rhythms. To address this issue and in particular translational control by microRNAs (miRNAs), we knocked down the miRNA biogenesis pathway in Drosophila circadian tissues. In combination with an increase in circadian-mediated transcription, this severely affected Drosophila behavioral rhythms, indicating that miRNAs function in circadian timekeeping. To identify miRNAmRNA pairs important for this regulation, immunoprecipitation of AGO1 followed by microarray analysis identified mRNAs under miRNA-mediated control. They included three core clock mRNAsclock (clk), vrille (vri), and clockworkorange (cwo). To identify miRNAs involved in circadian timekeeping, we exploited circadian cell-specific inhibition of the miRNA biogenesis pathway followed by tiling array analysis. This approach identified miRNAs expressed in fly head circadian tissue. Behavioral and molecular experiments show that one of these miRNAs, the developmental regulator bantam, has a role in the core circadian pacemaker. S2 cell biochemical experiments indicate that bantam regulates the translation of clk through an association with three target sites located within the clk 39 untranslated region (UTR). Moreover, clk transgenes harboring mutated bantam sites in their 39 UTRs rescue rhythms of clk mutant flies much less well than wild-type CLK transgenes.
Publication Title
No associated publication
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Time
View Samples- Drosophila melanogaster
- 23 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Drosophila Genome 2.0 Array (drosophila2)
Description
Gene expression profiling of distinct members of a neuronal circuit has the potential to identify candidate molecules and mechanisms that underlie the formation, organization and function of the circuit. To this end, we report here the application of a novel method to characterize RNAs from small numbers of specific Drosophila brain neurons, which belong to the circadian circuit. We identified three different sets of mRNAs enriched in different subclasses of clock neurons: one is enriched in all clock neurons, a second is enriched in PDF-positive clock neurons and a third is enriched in PDF-negative clock neurons. Moreover, we characterized 2 novel genes, Fer2 and dnocturnin, one from each subgroup, which highlight subgroup-specific features and play important roles in circadian rhythms. The methodology is a powerful tool not only to dissect the cellular and molecular basis of circadian rhythms but also to molecularly characterize other Drosophila neuronal circuits.
Publication Title
No associated publication
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 15 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Fast-spiking (FS) interneurons are important elements of neocortical circuitry that constitute the primary source of synaptic inhibition in adult cortex and impart temporal organization on ongoing cortical activity. The highly specialized intrinsic membrane and firing properties that allow cortical FS interneurons to perform these functions are attributable to equally specialized gene expression, which is ultimately coordinated by cell-type-specific transcriptional regulation. Although embryonic transcriptional events govern the initial steps of cell-type specification in most cortical interneurons, including FS cells, the electrophysiological properties that distinguish adult cortical cell types emerge relatively late in postnatal development, and the transcriptional events that drive this maturational process are not known. To address this, we used mouse whole-genome microarrays and whole-cell patch clamp to characterize the transcriptional and electrophysiological maturation of cortical FS interneurons between postnatal day 7 (P7) and P40. We found that the intrinsic and synaptic physiology of FS cells undergoes profound regulation over the first 4 postnatal weeks and that these changes are correlated with primarily monotonic but bidirectional transcriptional regulation of thousands of genes belonging to multiple functional classes. Using our microarray screen as a guide, we discovered that upregulation of two-pore K leak channels between P10 and P25 contributes to one of the major differences between the intrinsic membrane properties of immature and adult FS cells and found a number of other candidate genes that likely confer cell-type specificity on mature FS cells.
Publication Title
Transcriptional and electrophysiological maturation of neocortical fast-spiking GABAergic interneurons.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Journal : Blood. 2009 Jul 9;114(2):469-77. Epub 2009 May 13.
Publication Title
Endothelial deletion of hypoxia-inducible factor-2alpha (HIF-2alpha) alters vascular function and tumor angiogenesis.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Caenorhabditis elegans
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix C. elegans Genome Array (celegans)
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
An MLL/COMPASS subunit functions in the C. elegans dosage compensation complex to target X chromosomes for transcriptional regulation of gene expression.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Disease
View Samples- Caenorhabditis elegans
- 26 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix C. elegans Genome Array (celegans)
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
A condensin-like dosage compensation complex acts at a distance to control expression throughout the genome.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples