Dynamic gene expression in the PSM of vertebrates is critical for the spatial and temporal patterning of somites.
Dynamic CREB family activity drives segmentation and posterior polarity specification in mammalian somitogenesis.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe REVOLUTA and KANADI1 transcription factors act in opposite directions to control polarity in Arabidopsis. By analyzing mRNA profiles following activation of REVOLUTA or KANADI1 proteins we identified genes regulated by both transcription factors, focusing on those regulated in opposite directions.
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View SamplesThe establishment of ad/abaxial polarity is a fundamental event in plant development. It is critical for correct polar development of the leaf (the upper portion of the leaf is chloroplast rich and optimized for light capture while the lower portion is optimized for gas exchange) and for creating an environment that allows the formation of new meristems (centers of stem cell growth). Class III homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-ZIPIII) proteins are conserved plant proteins that act as potent regulators of ad/abaxial polarity. HD-ZIPIII protein activity promotes the development of upper (adaxial) leaf fates and meristem formation; in its absence lower (abaxial) leaf fates develop and meristems fail to form. A network of regulatory factors controls the establishment of ad/abaxial leaf fates. However, this network is incomplete and how these factors control one another is poorly understood. Here we report a new family of plant genes, the LITTLE ZIPPER (ZPR) genes (consisting principally of a stretch of leucine zipper similar to the leucine zipper in HD-ZIPIII proteins) that are transcriptionally up-regulated by HD-ZIPIII activity. Furthermore, we show that the ZPR proteins interact with and repress HD-ZIPIII activity, thus forming a negative feedback loop. Our results suggest that HD-ZIPIII proteins exist in active homodimers and, together with the ZPR proteins, in inactive heterodimers. The newly discovered HD-ZIPIII/ZPR regulatory module would not only serve to dampen the effect of fluctuations in HD-ZIPIII protein levels but more importantly would provide a point of regulation - control over the ratio of inactive heterodimers to active homodimers - that could be influenced by other components of the pathway. For instance, the binding of a small hydrophobic molecule to the conserved (yet little understood) START domain present in the HD-ZIPIII proteins may influence the type of dimer formed.
A feedback regulatory module formed by LITTLE ZIPPER and HD-ZIPIII genes.
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View SamplesThe vertebrate nuclear hormone receptor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1; NR5A1) controls reproductive development and regulates the transcription of steroid-modifying cytochrome P450 genes. We find that the SF1-related Drosophila nuclear hormone receptor HR39 is also essential for sexual development. In Hr39 mutant females, the sperm-storing spermathecae and glandular parovaria are absent or defective, causing sterility. Our results indicate that spermathecae and parovaria secrete reproductive tract proteins required for sperm maturation and function, like the mammalian epididymis and female reproductive tract. Hr39 controls the expression of specific cytochrome P450 genes and is required in females both to activate spermathecal secretion and repress male-specific courtship genes such as takeout. Thus, a pathway that, in vertebrates, controls sex-specific steroid hormone production, also mediates reproductive functions in an invertebrate. Our findings suggest that Drosophila can be used to model more aspects of mammalian reproductive biology than previously believed.
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View SamplesEffect of chitin on rre-1 and rre-2 seedlings.
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View SamplesThere were two genotypes:
Loss of a callose synthase results in salicylic acid-dependent disease resistance.
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View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Integration of brassinosteroid signal transduction with the transcription network for plant growth regulation in Arabidopsis.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesMolecular genetic analyses support a central role of BZR1 in Brassinosteroid (BR) regulation of plant development. The dominant bzr1-1D mutation, which stabilizes the BZR1 protein, completely suppresses the de-etiolated phenotype of the null bri1-116 mutant grown in the dark.
Integration of brassinosteroid signal transduction with the transcription network for plant growth regulation in Arabidopsis.
Specimen part
View SamplesConstitutive MET signaling promotes invasiveness in primary and recurrent GBM; however, current MET-targeting strategies lack of effective biomarkers for selecting suitable patients for treatment. Here, we identified a predictive signature potentially valuable for indicating vulnerability to MET-targeted therapy in GBM. The use of both human and mouse gene expression microarrays showed that MET inhibitors regulate tumor (human) and host (mouse) cells within the tumor via distinct molecular processes, but overall they impede tumor growth by inhibiting cell cycle progression. Notably, GBM tumors with EGFRamp that showed resistance to erlotinib treatment also showed activation of the MET pathway, suggesting that a combination of EGFR and MET inhibitors may overcome or prevent such resistance in patients with EGFRamp GBM.
No associated publication
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Cell line
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Large-scale hypomethylated blocks associated with Epstein-Barr virus-induced B-cell immortalization.
Specimen part, Time
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