Analysis of effects of A scoparia on gene expression in adipose tissue. Current study was designed to examine the whole-body and tissue-specific effects of A scoparia on metabolic parameters in the context of high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.
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Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) target PML nuclear bodies during infectious entry and PML protein is important for efficient transcription of incoming viral genome.We used shRNA to knockdown PML protein in HaCaT keratinocytes to further investigate the role of PML protein in HPV entry.
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Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesGene expression along the crypt-villus (C-V) axis was analyzed using cryostat sectioning to isolate fractions representing the crypts (bottom) and villus tops (top). These fractions were used for analyzing gene expression in iron replete Wistar rats (++), iron deficient Wistar rats (low iron), and in iron deficient Wistar rats fed iron for 3 and 6 days (iron-fed). Differences were observed between the crypts and villus tops in the expression of genes associated with Wnt and BNP signaling, cell proliferation and apoptosis, lipid and iron transport and metabolism. Gene expression in villus crypts and tops was also compared between Wistar and Belgrade rats (bb) and Belgrade rats fed iron (iron-fed) particularly as related to iron absorption and metabolism to define the affects of the mutation in DMT1 in the Belgrade rat on the expression of genes related to iron absorption and metabolism and the response to iron feeding.
Hypoxia-inducible factor-2α and iron absorptive gene expression in Belgrade rat intestine.
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View SamplesEquine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is a major pathogen affecting equines worldwide and causes respiratory disease, abortion, and in some cases, neurological disease.EHV-1strain KyA is attenuated in the mouse and equine, whereaswild-typestrain RacL11 induces severe inflammatory infiltration of the lung, causing infected mice to succumb at 4 to 6 days post-infection. Our previous results showed that EHV-1 KyA immunization protected CBA mice from pathogenic RacL11 challenge at 2 and 4 weeks post-immunization, and that the infection with theattenuatedKyA elicits protective humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.To investigate the protective mechanisms of EHV-1 KyA by innate immune responses, CBA mice immunized with live KyA were challenged with RacL11 at various timespost-vaccination. KyA immunization effectively protected CBA mice from RacL11 challenge at 1 to 7 dayspost-immunization. Immunized mice lost less than 10% of their preinfection body weight and rapidly regained body weight. Lung virus titers in EHV-1 KyA-immunized CBA mice were 1,000-fold lower at 2 days post-RacL11 challenge than lungs of non-immunized mice, which was indicative of accelerated virus clearance. Affymetrix microarray analysis revealed thatIFN-and16 antiviral interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were upregulated 3.1- to 48.2-fold at 8 h post-challengein the lungs of RacL11-challenged mice that had been immunized with KyA. Murine IFN-inhibitedEHV-1 infection of murine alveolar macrophage MH-S cells andeffectively protected mice against lethal EHV-1 challenge, suggesting that IFN-expression may be important in mediating protection elicited by KyA immunization. These results suggestthat EHV-1 KyA can be used asa live attenuated EHV-1 vaccine as well as a prophylactic agent in horses.
Immunization with Attenuated Equine Herpesvirus 1 Strain KyA Induces Innate Immune Responses That Protect Mice from Lethal Challenge.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesAcquired imatinib resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) can be the consequence of mutations in the kinase domain of BCR-ABL or increased protein levels. However, as in other malignancies, acquired resistance to cytostatic drugs is a common reason for treatment failure or disease progression. As a model for drug resistance, we developed a CML cell line resistant to cyclophosphamide (CP). Using oligonucleotide arrays, we examined changes in global gene expression. Selected genes were also examined by real-time PCR and flow cytometry. Neither the parent nor the resistant lines had mutations in their ATP binding domain. Filtering genes with a low-base line expression, a total of 239 genes showed significant changes (162 up- and 77 down-regulated) in the resistant clone. Most of the up-regulated genes were associated with metabolism, signal transduction, or encoded enzymes. The gene for aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 was over-expressed more than 2000 fold in the resistant clone. BCR-ABL was expressed in both cell lines to a comparable extent. When exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib and nilotinib, both lines were sensitive. In conclusion, we found multiple genetic changes in a CML cell line resistant to CP related to metabolism, signal transduction or apoptosis. Despite these changes, the resistant cells retained sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Comparative gene expression analysis of a chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line resistant to cyclophosphamide using oligonucleotide arrays and response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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