To identify molecular pathological alterations in AD brains, we performed interspecies comparative microarray analyses using RNAs prepared from postmortem human brain tissues donated for the Hisayama study and hippocampal RNAs from the triple-transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD)
Altered expression of diabetes-related genes in Alzheimer's disease brains: the Hisayama study.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesTo examine fosB regulation of neurogenesis, depression and epilepsy, we compared the gene expression profiles of wild type, fosBd/d and fosB-null mice by microarray analysis.
fosB-null mice display impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis and spontaneous epilepsy with depressive behavior.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesC-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) plays pivotal roles in tumor formation, progression, and metastasis. Although CCL2 expression has been found to be dependent on the nuclear factor (NF)B signaling pathway, the regulation of CCL2 production in tumor cells has remained unclear. We have identified a noncanonical pathway for regulation of CCL2 production that is mediated by mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) but independent of NF-B. Multiple phosphoproteomics approaches identified the transcription factor forkhead box K1 (FOXK1) as a downstream target of mTORC1. Activation of mTORC1 induces dephosphorylation of FOXK1 resulting in transactivation of the CCL2 gene. Inhibition of the mTORC1-FOXK1 axis attenuated insulin-induced CCL2 production as well as the accumulation of tumor-associated monocytes-macrophages and tumor progression in mice. Our results suggest that FOXK1 directly links mTORC1 signaling and CCL2 expression in a manner independent of NF-B, and that CCL2 produced by this pathway contributes to tumor progression.
Noncanonical Pathway for Regulation of CCL2 Expression by an mTORC1-FOXK1 Axis Promotes Recruitment of Tumor-Associated Macrophages.
Cell line
View SamplesAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by accumulation of amyloid beta (Abeta) and neurofibrillary tangles. Oxidative stress and inflammation are considered to play an important role in the development and progression of AD. However, the extent to which these events contribute to the Abeta pathologies remains unclear. We performed inter-species comparative gene expression profiling between AD patient brains and the App (NL-G-F/NL-G-F) and 3xTg-AD-H mouse models. Genes commonly altered in App (NL-G-F/NL-G-F) and human AD cortices correlated with the inflammatory response or immunological disease. Among them, expression of AD-related genes (C4a/C4b, Cd74, Ctss, Gfap, Nfe2l2, Phyhd1, S100b, Tf, Tgfbr2, and Vim) was increased in the App (NL-G-F/NL-G-F) cortex as Abeta amyloidosis progressed with exacerbated gliosis, while genes commonly altered in the 3xTg-AD-H and human AD cortices correlated with neurological disease. The App (NL-G-F/NL-G-F) cortex also had altered expression of genes (Abi3, Apoe, Bin2, Cd33, Ctsc, Dock2, Fcer1g, Frmd6, Hck, Inpp5D, Ly86, Plcg2, Trem2, Tyrobp) defined as risk factors for AD by genome-wide association study or identified as genetic nodes in late-onset AD. These results suggest a strong correlation between cortical Abeta amyloidosis and the neuroinflammatory response and provide a better understanding of the involvement of gender effects in the development of AD.
No associated publication
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesTo examine function of PKCh for atherosclerosis, we compared the gene expression profiles of control Apoe-/- and Prkch-/-Apoe-/- mice by microarray analysis.
PKCη deficiency improves lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesC-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) plays pivotal roles in tumor formation, progression, and metastasis. Although CCL2 expression has been found to be dependent on the nuclear factor (NF)B signaling pathway, the regulation of CCL2 production in tumor cells has remained unclear. We have identified a noncanonical pathway for regulation of CCL2 production that is mediated by mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) but independent of NF-B. Multiple phosphoproteomics approaches identified the transcription factor forkhead box K1 (FOXK1) as a downstream target of mTORC1. Activation of mTORC1 induces dephosphorylation of FOXK1 resulting in transactivation of the CCL2 gene. Inhibition of the mTORC1-FOXK1 axis attenuated insulin-induced CCL2 production as well as the accumulation of tumor-associated monocytes-macrophages and tumor progression in mice. Our results suggest that FOXK1 directly links mTORC1 signaling and CCL2 expression in a manner independent of NF-B, and that CCL2 produced by this pathway contributes to tumor progression.
Noncanonical Pathway for Regulation of CCL2 Expression by an mTORC1-FOXK1 Axis Promotes Recruitment of Tumor-Associated Macrophages.
Cell line
View SamplesTo identify molecular pathological alterations in AD brains, we performed interspecies comparative microarray analyses using RNAs prepared from postmortem human brain tissues donated for the Hisayama study and hippocampal RNAs from the triple-transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD)
Altered expression of diabetes-related genes in Alzheimer's disease brains: the Hisayama study.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThe transcription factor c-MYC intron binding protein 1 (MIBP1) binds to various genomic regulatory regions, including intron 1 of c-MYC. This factor is highly expressed in post-mitotic neurons in the fetal brain and may be involved in various biological steps, such as neurological and immunological processes. In this study, we globally characterized the transcriptional targets of MIBP1 and proteins that interact with MIBP1. Microarray hybridization followed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that genes involved in the pathways downstream of MYC, NF-B, and TGF- were downregulated when HEK293 cells stably overexpressed MIBP1. In silico transcription factor binding site analysis of the promoter regions of these downregulated genes showed that the NF-B binding site was the most overrepresented. The upregulation of genes known to be in the NF-B pathway after the knockdown of endogenous MIBP1 in HT1080 cells supports the view that MIBP1 is a downregulator of the NF-B pathway. We also confirmed the binding of the MIBP1 to the NF-B site. By immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, we detected O-linked -N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) as a prominent binding partner of MIBP1. Analyses using deletion mutants revealed that a 154-amino acid region of MIBP1 was necessary for its OGT binding and O-GlcNAcylation. A luciferase reporter assay showed that NF-B-responsive expression was repressed by MIBP1, and stronger repression by MIBP1 lacking the 154-amino acid region was observed. Our results indicate that the primary effect of MIBP1 expression is the downregulation of the NF-B pathway, and that this effect is attenuated by O-GlcNAc signaling.
Genome-wide repression of NF-κB target genes by transcription factor MIBP1 and its modulation by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase.
Cell line
View SamplesTo delineate the mechanism by which human mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (hTFAM) suppresses AD pathology in the neuron model of AD, we first performed microarray analyses using using RNAs prepared from PS1P117L and wild-type neurons. Next, we performed microarray analyses using PS1P117L neurons with or without recombinant hTFAM protein treatment.
Human mitochondrial transcriptional factor A breaks the mitochondria-mediated vicious cycle in Alzheimer's disease.
Specimen part
View SamplesTo delineate the mechanism by which hTFAM suppresses AD pathology in the neuron model of AD, we first performed microarray analyses using using RNAs prepared from PS1P117L and wild-type neurons. Next, we performed microarray analyses using PS1P117L neurons with or without recombinant hTFAM protein treatment.
Human mitochondrial transcriptional factor A breaks the mitochondria-mediated vicious cycle in Alzheimer's disease.
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples