One of the central issues in evolutionary developmental biology is how we can formulate the relationships between evolutionary and developmental processes. Two major models have been proposed: the 'funnel-like' model, in which the earliest embryo shows the most conserved morphological pattern, followed by diversifying later stages, and the 'hourglass' model, in which constraints are imposed to conserve organogenesis stages, which is called the phylotypic period. Here we perform a quantitative comparative transcriptome analysis of several model vertebrate embryos and show that the pharyngula stage is most conserved, whereas earlier and later stages are rather divergent. These results allow us to predict approximate developmental timetables between different species, and indicate that pharyngula embryos have the most conserved gene expression profiles, which may be the source of the basic body plan of vertebrates.
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals vertebrate phylotypic period during organogenesis.
Sex, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesTranscription profiling of X.laevis development.
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals vertebrate phylotypic period during organogenesis.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesTranscription profiling of chicken development
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals vertebrate phylotypic period during organogenesis.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesTranscription profiling of mouse development
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals vertebrate phylotypic period during organogenesis.
Sex, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesA major role of yolk sac endoderm is the uptake of lipids and other constituents from the yolk and transfer of these components into the embryonic circulation. The molecular basis of the initial step of this regionalization has largely remained unclear. Using chick as a model system, we generated high-quality transcriptomic datasets of different stages of the yolksac endoderm and analyzed their molecular heterogeneity.
No associated publication
Specimen part
View SamplesGene expression profile between HSC(CD34-KSL cells) and Progenitors(CD34+KSL cells) were compared.
No associated publication
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Time
View SamplesCollecting primary neural crest cells (NCCs) of a sufficient quantity for some experiments is difficult, because NCCs are embryonic transient tissue and basically they do not proliferate. We successfully induced NCCs from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) according to the previously described method with some modifications.
No associated publication
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesCollecting primary neural crest cells (NCCs) of a sufficient quantity for some experiments is difficult, because NCCs are embryonic transient tissue and basically they do not proliferate. We successfully induced NCCs from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) according to the previously described method with some modifications. iPSCs-derived NCCs (iPSC-NCCs) are reported to have potential for wound healing and expected to be used clinically in the future. However, nobody reported the immunological properties of iPSC-NCCs. It is important to evaluate the immunological properties of iPSC-NCCs before clinical use. We examined gene expression patterns between iPSCs and iPSC-NCCs.
No associated publication
Specimen part, Cell line, Time
View SamplesThe agonistic anti-human CD3 antibody , OKT-3, has been used to control acute transplant rejection. The in vivo administration of OKT-3 was previously shown to induce the partial depletion of T cells and anergy in the remaining CD4+ T cells. However, this therapy is also associated with the systemic release of several cytokines, which leads to a series of adverse side effects. We established a novel anti-human CD3 Ab, 20-2b2 (#1 abs), which recognized a close, but different determinant on the CD3 molecule from that recognized by OKT3. 20-2b2 was non-mitogenic for human CD4+ T cells, could inhibit the activation of T cells in vitro, and induced T cell anergy in in vivo experiments using humanized mice. Cytokine release in humanized mice induced by the administration of 20-2b2 was significantly less than that induced by OKT-3. Our results indicated that the CD3 molecule is still an attractive, effective, and useful target for the modulation of T cell responses. The establishment of other Abs that recognize CD3, even though the determinant recognized by those Abs may be close to or different from that recognized by OKT-3, may represent a novel approach for the development of safer Ab therapies using anti-CD3 Abs, in addition to the modification of OKT-3 in terms of the induction of cytokine production.
Modulation of the human T cell response by a novel non-mitogenic anti-CD3 antibody.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesThe experiment were perfomed as a part of our Vertebrate Evo-Devo project. The aim of the project is to compare transcription profiles of normal (unmanipulated, wild-type, whole embryo) vertebrate embryos. Total RNA was collected from wild type G.gallus whole embryos at 15 different stages (Stages:HH1,2,4,6,8,9,11,14,16,19,24,27,32,34,38), and hybridized to A-AFFY-103 Chicken Genome Array. All the stages contains data from two biological replications. Each staged-samples consists of pooled total RNA from several whole embryos.
No associated publication
Sex, Specimen part
View Samples