Individual olfactory sensory neurons express a single odorant receptor (OR) gene from either class I genes residing in a single cluster on a single chromosome or class II genes spread over multiple clusters on multiple chromosomes.
A long-range cis-regulatory element for class I odorant receptor genes.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesEach olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) chooses a single odorant receptor (OR) gene from the class I or class II OR repertoire in mice. We have found that the transcription factor Bcl11b, which is coexpressed with class II OR genes both in frog and mouse, determines the class of OR to be expressed in OSNs. Both loss- and gain-of-function analyses demonstrate that Bcl11b is necessary for class II genes expression, by suppressing the class I-specific enhancer. Overall, we identified a unique transcriptional mechanism that serves as a binary switch for the OR class choice that is likely to have contributed to the acquisition of terrestrial-specific class II OR expression.
No associated publication
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesThe Spt4-Spt5 complex, and its human homolog DSIF (DRB sensitivity-inducing factor), is unique in its ability to regulate Pol II processivity. Previous studies have shown that Spt5 has the characteristics of a general transcription-elongation factor. However, mutagenesis of Spt5 showed specific phenotypes during development, which were far less severe than those of Pol II defects or TBP deficient embryos. It seems paradoxical that a mutation which alters a general elongation factor can cause rather specific developmental defects. By using Spt5 knockdown zebrafish embryos and microarrays, here we showed that transcript abundance for only a small subset of genes is altered by loss of Spt5. Further investigation of the down-regulated genes showed that the genes most intensely repressed by the knockdown were strongly activated during early development in untreated embryos. Thus, this study shows that gene activation levels may create different requirements for Pol II processivity. Active transcription requires Spt5 for efficient elongation through its stimulatory activity on Pol II processivity.
Erythropoiesis is regulated by the transcription elongation factor Foggy/Spt5 through gata1 gene regulation.
Age
View SamplesMicroarray experiments were performed using Arabidopsis wild type plants (Col-0) and srk2dei triple knockout mutant to investigate the functions of ABA-activated protein kinases, SRK2D/SnRK2.2, SRK2E/OST1 and SRK2I/SnRK2.3. Transcription profiles of wild type and mutants were compared under ABA treatment or dehydration stress for 0 and 90 min. The srk2dei mutant was established by crossing T-DNA insertion mutants provided from Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center.
Genetics and phosphoproteomics reveal a protein phosphorylation network in the abscisic acid signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesTo investigate effects of intake of mulberry leaves on hyperlipidemia, we performed gene expression profiling on rat liver by microarray analysis.
Ameliorative effects of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves on hyperlipidemia in rats fed a high-fat diet: induction of fatty acid oxidation, inhibition of lipogenesis, and suppression of oxidative stress.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesL-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (levodopa) treatment is the major pharmacotherapy for Parkinson's disease. However, almost all patients receiving levodopa eventually develop debilitating involuntary movements (dyskinesia). While it is known that striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) are involved in the genesis of this movement disorder, the molecular basis of dyskinesia is not understood. In this study, we identify distinct cell-type-specific gene expression changes that occur in sub-classes of SPNs upon induction of a parkinsonian lesion followed by chronic levodopa treatment. We identify several hundred genes whose expression is correlated with levodopa dose, many of which are under the control of AP-1 and ERK signaling. In spite of homeostatic adaptations involving several signaling modulators, AP-1-dependent gene expression remains highly dysregulated in direct pathway SPNs (dSPNs) upon chronic levodopa treatment. We also discuss which molecular pathways are most likely to dampen abnormal dopaminoceptive signaling in spiny projection neurons, hence providing potential targets for antidyskinetic treatments in Parkinson's disease.
Molecular adaptations of striatal spiny projection neurons during levodopa-induced dyskinesia.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThis study explores the impact of lifestyle and environment on gene expression through whole transcriptome profiling of peripheral blood samples in Fijian population (native Melanesians and Indians) living in the rural and urban areas.
Using blood informative transcripts in geographical genomics: impact of lifestyle on gene expression in fijians.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesThe fungal pathogen Ustilago maydis establishes a biotrophic relationship with its host plant maize. Hallmarks of the disease are large plant tumors in which fungal proliferation occurs. Plants have developed various defense pathways to cope with pathogens. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression during the infection process of Ustilago maydis in its host plant to get insights into the defense programs and the metabolic reprogramming needed to supply the fungus with nutrients.
Ustilago maydis infection strongly alters organic nitrogen allocation in maize and stimulates productivity of systemic source leaves.
Specimen part
View SamplesEbf1 is a transcription factor with documented, and dose dependent, functions in both normal and malignant B-lymphocyte development. In order to understand more about the role of Ebf1 in malignant transformation, we have investigated the impact of reduced functional Ebf1 dose on early B-cell progenitors. Gene expression analysis in loss and gain of function analysis suggested that Ebf1 was involved in the regulation of genes of importance for DNA repair as well as cell survival. Investigation of the level of DNA damage in steady state as well as after induction of DNA damage by UV light supported that pro-B cells lacking one functional allele of Ebf1 display a reduced ability to repair DNA damage. This was correlated to a reduction in expression of Rad51 and combined analysis of published 4C and chromatin Immuno precipitation data suggested that this gene is a direct target for Ebf1. Even though the lack of one allele of Ebf1 did not result in any dramatic increase of tumor formation, we noted a dramatic increase in the formation of pro-B cell leukemia in mice carrying a combined heterozygote mutation in the Ebf1 and Pax5 genes. Even though the tumors were phenotypically similar and stable, we noted a large degree of molecular heterogeneity well in line with a mechanism involving impaired DNA repair. Our data support the idea that Ebf1 controls homologous DNA repair in a dose dependent manner and that this may explain the frequent involvement of Ebf1 in human leukemia
Ebf1 heterozygosity results in increased DNA damage in pro-B cells and their synergistic transformation by Pax5 haploinsufficiency.
Specimen part, Cell line, Time
View SamplesSamples of primary tumors collected from 23 ovarian cancer patients
Machine learning predicts individual cancer patient responses to therapeutic drugs with high accuracy.
Sex, Specimen part, Disease
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