Surface expression of the viral Envelope protein (Env) was used to enrich reactivated latent T cells producing HIV-RNA, and single cell RNASeq was performed to study gene expression differences between latent cells and controls. Overall design: Latent CD4+ T cells from virologically suppressed patients were reactivated in vitro and isolated using antibodies against HIV-1 Env. Single cell RNASeq was performed comparing reactivated latent cells with control, unpurified cells from the same donor and with cells actively infected in vitro using HIV-1(YU2).
Clonal CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in the HIV-1 latent reservoir display a distinct gene profile upon reactivation.
Subject
View SamplesAdjuvants are critical for the success of vaccines, and agonists for microbial pattern recognition receptors are promising new candidates. A mechanism for the immune enhancing role of adjuvants is to stimulate innate immunity. We studied the innate immune response in humans to synthetic double stranded RNA (poly ICLC), a ligand for TLR3 and MDA-5 cytosolic RNA helicase. Transcriptional analysis of blood samples from eight volunteers, after subcutaneous administration of poly ICLC showed upregulation of genes involved in multiple innate immune pathways in all subjects, including interferon and inflammasome signaling. Blocking of type I interferon receptor ex vivo significantly dampened the response to poly IC. Comparative transcriptional analysis showed that several innate pathways were similarly induced in volunteers immunized with the highly efficacious Yellow Fever Vaccine. Therefore a chemically defined microbial agonist like poly ICLC can be a reliable and authentic microbial mimic for inducing innate immunity, here for a live attenuated viral vaccine in humans.
Synthetic double-stranded RNA induces innate immune responses similar to a live viral vaccine in humans.
Time
View SamplesHeat stress is one of the most prominent and deleterious environmental threads affecting plant growth and development. Upon high temperatures, plants launch specialized gene expression programs that promote stress protection and survival. These programs involve global and specific changes at the transcriptional and translational levels. However the coordination of these processes and their specific role in the establishment of the heat stress response is not fully elucidated.
Analysis of genome-wide changes in the translatome of Arabidopsis seedlings subjected to heat stress.
Specimen part
View SamplesMicroarray was used to identify differential gene expression pattern in Barrett's esophagus (BE), compared to the normal adjacent epithelia gastric cardia (GC) and normal squamous esophagus (NE)
Evidence for a functional role of epigenetically regulated midcluster HOXB genes in the development of Barrett esophagus.
Specimen part
View SamplesUV-B radiation affects leaf growth in a wide range of species. In this work, we demonstrate that UV-B levels present in solar radiation inhibits maize leaf growth without causing any other visible stress symptoms, including accumulation of DNA damage. We conducted kinematic analyses of cell division and expansion to understand the impact of UV-B radiation on these cellular processes. Our results demonstrate that the decrease in leaf growth is a consequence of a reduction in cell production, and a shortened growth zone (GZ) in UV-B irradiated leaves. To determine the molecular pathways involved in UV-B inhibition of leaf growth, we performed RNA sequencing on isolated GZ tissues of control and UV-B exposed plants. Our results show a link between the observed leaf growth inhibition and the expression of specific cell cycle and developmental genes, including Growth Regulating Factors (GRFs) and transcripts for proteins participating in different hormone pathways. Overall design: Factorial design with two factors: Treatment (control vs UV-B) x Zone I (0-1cm from base of the leaf), 2 (1-2cm from base of the leaf) and 3 (2-3cm from base of the leaf), 3 replicates
UV-B Inhibits Leaf Growth through Changes in Growth Regulating Factors and Gibberellin Levels.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesIKKbeta is a subunit of the IkB kinase (IKK) complex required for NF-kB activation in response to pro-inflammatory signals. NF-kB regulates the expression of many genes involved in inflammation, immunity and apoptosis, and also controls cell proliferation and differentiation in different tissues; however, its function in skin physiopathology remains controversial. We here report the alterations caused by increased IKKbeta activity in basal cells of the skin of transgenic mice.
IKKbeta leads to an inflammatory skin disease resembling interface dermatitis.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Cinacalcet inhibits neuroblastoma tumor growth and upregulates cancer-testis antigens.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesCaSR modulation inhibits neuroblastoma growth
Cinacalcet inhibits neuroblastoma tumor growth and upregulates cancer-testis antigens.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesCaSR modulation inhibits neuroblastoma growth
Cinacalcet inhibits neuroblastoma tumor growth and upregulates cancer-testis antigens.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Inhibition of the autocrine IL-6-JAK2-STAT3-calprotectin axis as targeted therapy for HR-/HER2+ breast cancers.
Cell line
View Samples