Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) imposes a severe volume overload to the left ventricle (LV) which results in dilation, eccentric hypertrophy and eventually loss of function. Little is known about the impact of AR on LV gene expression. We therefore conducted a gene expression profiling study in the LV of male Wistar rats with chronic (9 months) and severe AR.
Multiple short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases are regulated in pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
Sex
View SamplesCD34+ cord blood hematopoietic progenitors were expanded in vitro as previously described (Balan et al., J Immunol, 2014) and then differentiated on a mixed feeder layer of OP9 cells expressing or not the Notch ligand Delta-like 1, with FLT3-L, TPO and IL-7. At the end of the cultures, single live Lin- HLA-DR+ cells were index sorted in 96-well plates containing lysis buffer, and snap frozen. Four putative cell types were sorted according to their expression patterns of key combinations of cell surface markers: putative pDCs, putative cDC1s, putative pre-cDC2s and putative cDC2s. Single cell RNA-sequencing libraries were subsequently generated for 90 single cells and 6 control wells using an adaptation of Smart-Seq2 (Villani et al., Science, 2017). Cells were sequenced at a depth of 1-3M reads/cell. Overall design: A total of 90 single cells and 6 controls from one culture were processed using a protocol adapted from Smart-Seq2 protocol (Villani et al., Science, 2017), which allows for the generation of full-length single cell cDNA, and sequencing libraries were generated using Illumina Nextera XT DNA library preparation kit. A few samples (10) were profiled but excluded from the processed data since they were either bulk (5) or blank (1) control samples or excluded due to QC (4). Therefore, there are 86 samples included here.
Large-Scale Human Dendritic Cell Differentiation Revealing Notch-Dependent Lineage Bifurcation and Heterogeneity.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesFor both PBMC and cells from the in vitro cultures, RNA purification and library generation was performed using the Chromium Single Cell Controller apparatus and associated protocols (10X Genomics). Libraries were sequenced by 75-bp single-end reading on a NextSeq500 sequencer (Illumina). Reads were aligned on the GRCh38 human genome assembly. Data analysis was performed using the R software package Seurat (https://github.com/satijalab/seurat) Overall design: Single cell RNA-seq data were generated on the 10X emulsion platform (10X Genomics, Pleasanton, CA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. NextSeq data from the Chromium platform were processed using CellRanger v1.3.1, and subsequent normalization, QC, filtering, and differential gene expression analysis was performed in R using Seurat v1.4.0.16.
Large-Scale Human Dendritic Cell Differentiation Revealing Notch-Dependent Lineage Bifurcation and Heterogeneity.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesMetastasis is the leading cause of death for cancer patients. Consequently it is imperative that we improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie progression of tumour growth towards malignancy. Advances in genome characterisation technologies have been very successful in identifying commonly mutated or misregulated genes in a variety of human cancers. However the difficulty in evaluating whether these candidate genes drive tumour progression remains a major challenge. Using the genetic amenability of Drosophila melanogaster we generated tumours with specific genotypes in the living animal and carried out a detailed systematic loss-of-function analysis to identify conserved genes that enhance or suppress epithelial tumour progression. This enabled the discovery of functional cooperative regulators of invasion and the establishment of a network of conserved invasion suppressors. This includes constituents of the cohesin complex, which can either promote individual or collective invasion, depending on the severity of effect on cohesin function.
A Genetic Analysis of Tumor Progression in Drosophila Identifies the Cohesin Complex as a Suppressor of Individual and Collective Cell Invasion.
Cell line
View SamplesSparse populations of neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus are causally implicated in the encoding of contextual fear memories. However, engram-specific molecular mechanisms underlying memory consolidation remain largely unknown. Here we perform unbiased RNA sequencing of DG engram neurons 24h after contextual fear conditioning to identify transcriptome changes specific to memory consolidation. DG engram neurons exhibit a highly distinct pattern of gene expression, in which CREB-dependent transcription features prominently (P=6.2x10-13), including Atf3 (P=2.4x10-41), Penk (P=1.3x10-15), and Kcnq3 (P=3.1x10-12). Moreover, we validate the functional relevance of the RNAseq findings by establishing the causal requirement of intact CREB function specifically within the DG engram during memory consolidation, and identify a novel group of CREB target genes involved in the encoding of long-term memory. Overall design: Biological replicates: Fear conditioned: n=14, No shock controls: n=4, Home cage controls:n=3. The contents 10 dVenus+ and 10 dVenus- cells were aspirated from each animal (biological replicate)
Engram-specific transcriptome profiling of contextual memory consolidation.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesWe performed RNAseq on l(3)mbt mutant somatic ovaries to gain a genome-wide view of tissue-specific gene expression changes in L(3)mbt-depleted somatic ovaries. Overall design: Examination of gene expression changes in mutant and control somatic ovaries.
L(3)mbt and the LINT complex safeguard cellular identity in the <i>Drosophila</i> ovary.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesWe analyzed the genome-wide expression by RNA-seq of a yeast strain that expresses Cas9d and a guideRNA targeted to the GAL10 locus (called +116), which inhibits GAL10 ncRNA expression from the antisense strand. We compared this strain to a strain expressing a scrambled guideRNA. The goal was to examine the effects of ncRNA inhibition and to examine if CRISPR inhibition of gene expression has off-target effects. We find that CRISPR-mediated inhibtion of GAL10 ncRNA only significantly changes expression of transcripts at the GAL1-10 locus, showing that CRISPR is highly specific, and that GAL10 ncRNA only control genes at the GAL locus. Overall design: RNA-seq of 2 strains with CRISPR scrambled and 2 strains with CRISPR +116, the latter of which inhibits GAL10 ncRNA
Single-Molecule Imaging Reveals a Switch between Spurious and Functional ncRNA Transcription.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesWhile the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) activates a general stress response by increasing glucocorticoid (Gc) synthesis, biological stress resulting from infections triggers the inflammatory response through production of cytokines. The pituitary gland integrates some of these signals by responding to the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6 and LIF and to a negative Gc feedback loop. The present work used whole-genome approaches to define the LIF/STAT3 regulatory network and to delineate cross-talk between this pathway and Gc action. Genome-wide ChIP-chip identified 3 449 STAT3 binding sites, whereas 2 396 genes regulated by LIF and/or Gc were found by expression profiling. Surprisingly, LIF on its own changed expression of only 85 genes but the joint action of LIF and Gc potentiated the expression of more than a thousand genes. Accordingly, activation of both LIF and Gc pathways also potentiated STAT3 and GR recruitment to many STAT3 targets. Our analyses revealed an unexpected gene cluster that requires both stimuli for delayed activation: 83% of the genes in this cluster are involved in different cell defense mechanisms. Thus, stressors that trigger both general stress and inflammatory responses lead to activation of a stereotypic innate cellular defense response.
Regulatory network analyses reveal genome-wide potentiation of LIF signaling by glucocorticoids and define an innate cell defense response.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesHigh endothelial venules (HEVs) are specialized blood vessels allowing recirculation of naïve lymphocytes through lymphoid organs. Here, using full length single-cell RNA sequencing, RNA-FISH, flow cytometry and immunohistofluorescence, we reveal the heterogeneity of HEVs in adult mouse peripheral lymph nodes (PLNs) under conditions of homeostasis, antigenic stimulation and after inhibition of lymphotoxin-b receptor (LTbR) signaling. We demonstrate that HEV endothelial cells are in an activated state during homeostasis, and we identify the genes characteristic of the differentiated HEV phenotype. We show that LTbR signaling regulates many HEV genes and pathways in resting PLNs, and that immune stimulation induces a global and temporary inflammatory phenotype in HEVs without compromising their ability to recruit naïve lymphocytes. Most importantly, we uncover differences in the regulation of genes controlling lymphocyte trafficking, Glycam1, Fut7, Gcnt1, Chst4, B3gnt3 and Ccl21a, that have implications for HEV function and regulation in health and disease. Overall design: Comparison of High Endothelial Cells and Blood Endothelial Cells from mouse lymph nodes under 4 different conditions with a total of 220 single cells.
Single-Cell Analysis Reveals Heterogeneity of High Endothelial Venules and Different Regulation of Genes Controlling Lymphocyte Entry to Lymph Nodes.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View Samples[Hela cells]: We performed cdr2 knockdown with a pool of 4 cdr2-specific siRNAs to test whether cdr2 may regulate c-myc target genes as cells passage through mitosis.
The onconeural antigen cdr2 is a novel APC/C target that acts in mitosis to regulate c-myc target genes in mammalian tumor cells.
Cell line
View Samples