Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal muscle wasting disorder caused by dystrophin deficiency. Previous work suggested that increased expression of the dystrophin-related protein utrophin in the mdx mouse model of DMD can prevent dystrophic pathophysiology. Physiological tests showed that the transgenic mouse muscle functioned in a way similar to normal muscle. More recently, it has become possible to analyse disease pathways using microarrays, a sensitive method to evaluate the efficacy of a therapeutic approach. We thus examined the gene expression profile of mdx mouse muscle compared to normal mouse muscle and compared the data with that obtained from the transgenic line expressing utrophin. The data confirm that the expression of utrophin in the mdx mouse muscle results in a gene expression profile virtually identical to that seen for the normal mouse. This study confirms that a strategy to up-regulate utrophin is likely to be effective in preventing the disease.
Microarray analysis of mdx mice expressing high levels of utrophin: therapeutic implications for dystrophin deficiency.
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View SamplesSkeletal muscle actin mice (Crawford et al., (2002) Mol Cell Biol 22, 5587) were crossed with cardiac actin transgenic mice (termed "ACTC^Coco" or "Coco" for short), to produce mice that had cardiac actin instead of skeletal muscle actin in their skeletal muscles (termed "ACTC^Co/KO" or for short "Coco/KO"). Microarray analysis using the Illumina mouse-6 v1.1 expression beadchip was performed on RNA extraced from the soleus muscle of Coco/KO mice and wildtype mice, to confirm the swith in actin isoform expression, and to determine what other differences might exist between wildtype mice and the Coco/KO mice.
Rescue of skeletal muscle alpha-actin-null mice by cardiac (fetal) alpha-actin.
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View SamplesThe activation of TLR-MyD88 (Toll like receptor- Myeloid differentiation factor 88) signaling within T cells functions as a potent costimulatory signal that boosts antitumor and antiviral responses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the costimulatory processes are poorly understood. We compared microarray gene analysis data between TLR1-TLR2 stimulated and unstimulated T cell receptor transgenic pmel and MyD88-/-pmel CD8+ T cells and identified changes in the expression levels of several TNF family members. In particular, TLR-stimulation increased 4-1BB levels in pmel but not in MyD88-/-pmel T cells. A link between 4-1BB and TLR1-TLR2 signaling in CD8+ T cells was highlighted by in fact that 4-1BB-/- T cells exhibited suboptimal responses to TLR1-TLR2 agonist, but responded normally to CD28 or OX40 costimulation. Moreover, blocking 4-1BB signaling with antibodies also hindered the costimulatory effects of the TLR1-TLR2 agonist. The elevated levels of 4-1BB transcripts in TLR1-TLR2stimulated cells were not due to increased mRNA stability nor increased histone activation but instead were associated with increased binding of p65 and c-Jun to two distinct 4-1BB promoter sites. Combining TLR1-TLR2 ligand with an agonistic anti-4-1BB antibody enhanced the antitumor activity in mice with established melanoma tumors. These studies reveal that the costimulatory effects of TLR1-TLR2 signaling in CD8+ T cells are in part mediated by 4-1BB and are important for mounting an effective antitumor immune response.
Cross-talk between 4-1BB and TLR1-TLR2 Signaling in CD8+ T Cells Regulates TLR2's Costimulatory Effects.
Specimen part
View SamplesIdentify genes which are induced in wild type, crel ko, and relbcrle dbko B cells under BAFF stimulation, and find the differential expressed genes which are distinct from wildtype controls. Overall design: RNA-seq analysis of wild type, crelko, relbcrel dbko follicular B cells stimulated with BAFF ligand for 6 hours and wildtype only for 27 hours
B-cell survival and development controlled by the coordination of NF-κB family members RelB and cRel.
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View SamplesH929 human myeloma cells were exposed to aminopeptidase inhibitor (CHR-2797), HDAC inhibitor (CHR-3996), or a combinaion of the two agents, for 24 hours.
The combination of HDAC and aminopeptidase inhibitors is highly synergistic in myeloma and leads to disruption of the NFκB signalling pathway.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Alignment of time course gene expression data and the classification of developmentally driven genes with hidden Markov models.
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View SamplesThe mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) drives daily rhythmic behavior and physiology, yet a detailed understanding of its coordinated transcriptional programmes is lacking. To reveal the true nature of circadian variation in the mammalian SCN transcriptome we combined laser-capture microdissection (LCM) and RNA-Seq over a 24-hour light / dark cycle. We show that 7-times more genes exhibited a classic sinusoidal expression signature than previously observed in the SCN. Another group of 766 genes unexpectedly peaked twice, near both the start and end of the dark phase; this twin-peaking group is significantly enriched for synaptic transmission genes that are crucial for light-induced phase-shifting of the circadian clock. 342 intergenic non-coding RNAs, together with novel exons of annotated protein-coding genes, including Cry1, also show specific circadian expression variation. Overall, our data provide an important chronobiological resource (www.wgpembroke.com/shiny/SCNseq/) and allow us to propose that transcriptional timing in the SCN is gating clock resetting mechanisms. Overall design: Pooled dissected tissue of the suprachiasmatic nucleus from five adult male mice provided one of three replicates for each of six timepoints over a 12:12 light/dark (LD) cycle (ZT2, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 22). Each biological replicate was sequenced over 3 seperate lanes using Illumina HiSeq.
Temporal transcriptomics suggest that twin-peaking genes reset the clock.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesChanges in gene expression during berry development during a grape growing season were analysed.
Alignment of time course gene expression data and the classification of developmentally driven genes with hidden Markov models.
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View SamplesIn Arabidposis thaliana, the msh1 recA3 double mutant shows an extensive mitochondrial genome rearrangement and displays pronounced thermotolerance.
Extensive rearrangement of the Arabidopsis mitochondrial genome elicits cellular conditions for thermotolerance.
Specimen part
View SamplesDifferences in gene expression were compared for grape berry flesh and skin.
Alignment of time course gene expression data and the classification of developmentally driven genes with hidden Markov models.
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