This study aimed to generate a comprehensive analysis of changes in the transcriptome following MNV infection. Furthermore, we aimed to perform a differential gene expression analysis between MNV infection and loxoribine (tlr7 agonist) treatment to delineate features of the host modified directly by the MNV as opposed to indirect changes induced through IFN signalling. Overall design: Transcript expression profiles of RAW264.7 cells mock infected, infected with MNV (MOI 5) or treated with loxoribine (1 mM) for 12 hrs were generated using Illumina NextSeq500.
RNA Sequencing of Murine Norovirus-Infected Cells Reveals Transcriptional Alteration of Genes Important to Viral Recognition and Antigen Presentation.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesThe transcriptome has an abundance of information about the function of individual cells, tissues and an organism in general. Characterising the transcriptome of virus infected cells can illuminate features of the viral-host relationship that are important for pathogenesis. This study broadly aimed to quantify the host gene expression changes that occur following MNV infection. Furthermore, we aimed to identify alterations in specific biological pathways by identifying alterations in transcript abundance that increase or decrease in intensity with MNV infection over time. Overall design: Transcript expression profiles of RAW264.7 cells mock infected or infected with MNV for 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 hours (MOI 5) were generated by RNA-sequencing using Illumina NextSeq500.
RNA Sequencing of Murine Norovirus-Infected Cells Reveals Transcriptional Alteration of Genes Important to Viral Recognition and Antigen Presentation.
Cell line, Subject, Time
View SamplesMultiple myeloma (MM) evolves from highly prevalent premalignant condition termed Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS). We report an MGUS-MM phenotype arising in transgenic mice with Emu-directed expression of the unfolded protein/ER stress response and plasma cell development spliced isoform factor XBP-1s. Emu-XBP-1s elicited elevated serum Ig and IL-6 levels, skin alterations and with advancing age, a significant proportion of Emu-xbp-1s transgenic mice develop features diagnostic of human MM including bone lytic lesions. Transcriptional profiles of Emu-xbp-1s B lymphoid and MM cells show aberrant expression of genes known to be dysregulated in human MM including Cyclin D1, MAF, MAFB, and APRIL. This genetic model coupled with documented frequent XBP-1s overexpression in human MM serve to implicate chronic XBP-1s dysregulation in the development of this common and lethal malignancy.
The differentiation and stress response factor XBP-1 drives multiple myeloma pathogenesis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesIndividual olfactory sensory neurons express a single odorant receptor (OR) gene from either class I genes residing in a single cluster on a single chromosome or class II genes spread over multiple clusters on multiple chromosomes.
A long-range cis-regulatory element for class I odorant receptor genes.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesPurpose and Experimental Design: The purpose of this study is to find a methylation-related gene that could become a biomarker or therapeutic target in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). We screened candidate genes suspected to be silenced by DNA methylation using oligonucleotide microarray analysis. To investigate the clinical significance of one candidate gene (UNC5B), we analyzed the correlation between mRNA expression and clinicopathological features using clinical tissue samples. Finally, methylation specific PCR analysis was performed to reveal whether the promoter region was methylated in CRC cell lines. Results: We found 75 candidate genes that were potentially suppressed by DNA methylation in CRC. We focused on UNC5B, a possible tumor suppressor gene and regulator of apoptosis known to be inactivated in CRC. The mRNA expression analysis using tissue samples revealed that UNC5B mRNA was down-expressed in about 20% of CRC patients, and the patients with low-UNC5B-expression tumors showed a significantly higher recurrence rate after curative surgery. According to the univariate and multivariate analysis, low UNC5B expression was an independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence in stage I, II, and III CRC patients. Furthermore, patients with low expression of UNC5B in tumors had significantly poorer prognosis than those with high expression of UNC5B. Although UNC5B mRNA expression was restored by the demethylation treatment in CRC cell lines, the promoter region of UNC5B was not methylated. Conclusion: UNC5B is a potential biomarker for the selection of patients with high risk of postoperative recurrence and worse prognosis in CRC.
Clinical significance of UNC5B expression in colorectal cancer.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesIn our experiments with a xenograft model, mouse-IFN (mIFN) treatment was suggested to exaggerate the antitumor effects of sorafenib on hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo.
The in vivo antitumor effects of type I-interferon against hepatocellular carcinoma: the suppression of tumor cell growth and angiogenesis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe have developed a new conditional transgenic mouse showing that MLL-ENL, at an endogenous-like expression level, induces leukemic transformation selectively in LT-HSCs. To investigate the molecular mechanism of leukemic transformation in LT-HSCs conditionally expressing MLL-ENL, we preliminarily performed comprehensive gene expression profiling of CreER-transduced LT-HSCs and ST-HSCs using cDNA microarray analysis.
Plzf drives MLL-fusion-mediated leukemogenesis specifically in long-term hematopoietic stem cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesEmbryonic retinal development Overall design: Mouse retinas at different embryonic developmental stages were isolated and mRNA expression was determined by RNA sequencing
Programmed mitophagy is essential for the glycolytic switch during cell differentiation.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesHigh levels of Hes1 expression are frequently found in BCR-ABL-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis (CML-BC). In mouse bone marrow transplantation (BMT) models, co-expression of BCR-ABL and Hes1 induces CML-BClike disease; however the underlying mechanism remained elusive. Here, based on gene expression analysis, we show that MMP-9 is upregulated by Hes1 in common myeloid progenitors (CMPs). Analysis of promoter activity demonstrated that Hes1 upregulated MMP-9 by activating NF-kB. Analysis of 20 samples from CML-BC patients showed that MMP-9 was highly expressed in three, with two exhibiting high levels of Hes1 expression. Interestingly, MMP-9 deficiency impaired the cobblestone area-forming ability of CMPs expressing BCR-ABL and Hes1 that were in conjunction with a stromal cell layer. In addition, these CMPs secreted MMP-9, promoting the release of soluble Kit-ligand (sKitL) from stromal cells, thereby enhancing proliferation of the leukemic cells. In accordance, mice transplanted with CMPs expressing BCR-ABL and Hes1 exhibited high levels of sKitL as well as MMP-9 in the serum. Importantly, MMP-9 deficiency impaired the development of CML-BClike disease induced by BCR-ABL and Hes1 in mouse BMT models. The present results suggest that Hes1 promotes the development of CML-BC, partly through MMP-9 upregulation in leukemic cells.
Hes1 promotes blast crisis in chronic myelogenous leukemia through MMP-9 upregulation in leukemic cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesRecurrent mutations in ASXL1 are found in various hematological malignancies and are associated with poor prognosis. In particular, ASXL1 mutations are frequently found in patients with hematological malignancies associated with myelodysplasia including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Although loss-of-function ASXL1 mutations promote myeloid transformation, a large subset of ASXL1 mutations is thought to result in stable truncation of ASXL1. Here we demonstrate that C-terminal truncating ASXL1 mutations (ASXL1-MT) inhibit myeloid differentiation and induce MDS-like disease in mice, displaying all the features of human MDS including multi-lineage myelodysplasia, pancytopenia and occasional progression to overt leukemia. Concerning the molecular mechanisms, ASXL1-MT derepressed expression of Hoxa9 and miR-125a through inhibiting PRC2-mediated methylation of H3K27. miR-125a targeted expression of a surface receptor Clec5a, which was found to supports for myeloid differentiation. In addition, HOXA9 expression was high in MDS patients with ASXL1 mutations while Clec5a expression was generally low in MDS patients. Thus, ASXL1-MT induced MDS-like disease in mice via derepression of Hoxa9 and miR-125a, and Clec5a downregulation. Our data provide evidence for a novel axis of MDS pathogenesis (ASXL1 mutations-upregulation of HoxA9 and miR-125a-downregulation of Clec5a) and implicate both ASXL1 mutants and miR-125a as therapeutic targets in MDS.
Myelodysplastic syndromes are induced by histone methylation–altering ASXL1 mutations.
Cell line, Treatment
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