CD38 expression is an important prognostic marker in CLL with high levels of CD38 associated with shorter overall survival. In this study, we used gene expression profiling and protein analysis of highly purified cell-sorted CD38+ and CD38- chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to elucidate a molecular basis for the association between CD38 expression and inferior clinical outcome. Paired CD38+ and CD38- CLL cells derived from the same patient were shown to be monoclonal by VH gene sequencing but despite this, CD38+ CLL cells possessed a distinct gene expression profile when compared with their CD38- sub-clones.
Highly purified CD38+ and CD38- sub-clones derived from the same chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient have distinct gene expression signatures despite their monoclonal origin.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe goal of the experiment was to perform a large scale study of circadian regulation of gene expression in maize. To identify maize genes with expression regulated by the circadian clock, transcript levels in the aerial tissues of young maize seedlings were determined by transcriptional profiling with the Affymetrix GeneChip Maize Genome Array. Maize inbred B73 seedlings were grown inside Conviron growth chamber. B73 seedlings were grown for 7 days under 12 h light:12 h dark (LD) photocycles, 26 C temperature and 70% humidity. At the 8th day, seedlings were transferred to continuous light (LL) and were allowed to entrain completely for 24 h prior to tissue harvest following which tissue was harvested every 4 hours under LL conditions for a period of 48h. Therefore, for the circadian LL time course 12 time points were collected as follows (also defined as factors in the treatment section): ZT0 - 8:00 am/ subjective dawn/ Day1 ZT4 - 12:00 pm/ subjective mid-day/ Day1 ZT8 - 4:00 pm/ subjective late-day/ Day1 ZT12 - 8:00 pm/ subjective dusk/ Day1 ZT16 - 12:00 am/ subjective mid-night/ Day1 ZT20 - 4:00 am/ subjective pre-dawn/ Day1 ZT24- 8:00 am/ subjective dawn/ Day2 ZT28 - 12:00 pm/ subjective mid-day/ Day2 ZT32 - 4:00 pm/ subjective late-day/ Day2 ZT36 - 8:00 pm/ subjective dusk/ Day2 ZT40 - 12:00 am/ subjective mid-night/ Day2 ZT44 - 4:00 am/ subjective pre-dawn/ Day2 Tissue comprised of aerial portion of the seedlings (corresponding to tissue from the prop roots and up) for RNA isolation. Total RNA was isolated from the entire aerial portion of 7 day-old seedlings (corresponding to tissue from the prop roots and up) by Trizol extraction followed by Qiagen RNeasy columns and treatment with RNase-free DNase I (Qiagen; qiagen.com). RNA was isolated from 3 independent biological replicates was pooled. cRNA was generated from pooled total RNA from 3 biological replicates with the GeneChip One-Cycle Target Labeling kit according to the manufacturers recommendations (Affymetrix, affymetrix.com). The University of California, Berkeley Functional Genomics Laboratory hybridized samples to Affymetrix GeneChip Maize Genome Arrays and scanned the washed arrays as suggested by manufacturer. Probe sets called Not Present or Marginal on one or more microarrays were removed from the downstream analysis, as is common practice with circadian studies. Raw hybridization intensities were normalized across all twelve arrays using RMA express in Perfect Match mode. ****[PLEXdb(http://www.plexdb.org) has submitted this series at GEO on behalf of the original contributor, Frank G. Harmon. The equivalent experiment is ZM28 at PLEXdb.]
Coordination of the maize transcriptome by a conserved circadian clock.
Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View SamplesEmbryonic chicken telencephalon nuclei were isolated for RNAseq to identify transcripts differentially expressed across different brain regions.
Neocortical Association Cell Types in the Forebrain of Birds and Alligators.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesThe ER stress inducing agent Thapsigargin (TG) and/or the cytoprotective agent Salubrinal were applied to lymphoblastoid cell lines. TG induced lytic replication as well as a distinct pattern of gene expression changes. This study was designed to identify host genes mediating lytic replication secondary to ER stress.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress causes EBV lytic replication.
Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View SamplesPurpose: The oxidation resistance gene 1 (OXR1) is crucial for protecting against oxidative stress, limiting neurodegeneration and maintaining normal lifespan in eukaryotes. However, the molecular function of OXR1 is still unknown. Previously we showed that human OXR1 regulates expression of antioxidant genes GPX2 and HO-1 via the p21 signaling pathway. To examine the role of hOXR1 in global transcription regulation during cellular stress, we employed RNA sequencing to investigate the transcription profile in hOXR1 depleted HeLa cells. Methods: Control siRNA (siCon) and human OXR1 siRNA (siOXR1) transfected HeLa cells were either harvested directly (siCon_NT, siOXR1_NT) or exposed to 0.5 mM H2O2 for 1 h and then harvested immediately without recovery (siCon_R0h, siOXR1_R0h). Total RNA pooled from duplicate samples was used for RNA sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq2000 platform. The sequence reads that passed quality filters were analyzed at gene level. The Blast2GO program was used to generate gene ontology (GO) annotation of differentially expressed genes (DEGs).The WEGO software was used to further perform GO functional classification and to predict pathways affected. qRT–PCR validation was performed using SYBR Green assays. Results: In total, in non-treated and hydrogen peroxide exposed cells, hOXR1 depletion results in the down-regulation of 554 genes and the up-regulation of 253 genes. These differentially expressed genes include transcription factors (i.e. HIF1A, SP6, E2F8 and TCF3) and numerous genes of the p53 signaling pathway involved in cell-cycle arrest (i.e. cyclin D, CDK6 and p21) and apoptosis (i.e. CytC and CASP9). Western blot analysis reveals that hOXR1 suppresses CASP9 protein expression and reduces post-translational cleavage into its active form. After exposure to hydrogen peroxide (1 h), 56 early response genes were up-regulated in hOXR1 depleted cells, in which 38 of these genes were not induced in control cells. In addition, a subset of the commonly up-regulated early response genes showed a stronger induction in hOXR1 depleted cells (i.e. FOS, JUN and DUSP1). Out of a total of 52 differentially expressed transcription factors in hOXR1 depleted cells under normal physiology and oxidative stress condition, 14 genes (including HIF1A, STAT5A, E2F8 and TCF3) are differentially regulated under H2O2 treatment in hOXR1 silenced cells as compared to control cells. Finally, we demonstrate that hOXR1 depleted cells undergo cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase during oxidative stress. Conclusions: Human OXR1 is important for regulation of the early stress response to oxidative stress in HeLa cells. HOXR1 modulates the p53 signaling pathway via regulation of genes involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and anti-oxidation. Further, hOXR1 regulates numerous transcription factors of importance for cellular stress responses. In summary, hOXR1 may act as a sensor of cellular oxidative stress to regulate the transcriptional networks required to detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulate cell cycle arrest and cell death (apoptosis). Overall design: The mRNA profiles of hOXR1 depleted and control Hela cells with or without H2O2 treatment 1 h were generated by RNA sequencing using Illumina Hiseq 2000.
Transcriptome analysis of human OXR1 depleted cells reveals its role in regulating the p53 signaling pathway.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an oncogenic virus that is associated with the pathogenesis of several human lymphoid malignancies, including Hodgkin's lymphoma. Infection of normal resting B cells with EBV results in activation to lymphoblasts that are phenotypically similar to those generated by physiological stimulation with CD40L plus IL-4. One important difference is that infection leads to the establishment of permanently growing lymphoblastoid cell lines, whereas CD40L/IL-4 blasts have finite proliferation life-spans. To identify early events which might later determine why EBV infected blasts go on to establish transformed cell lines, we performed global transcriptome analyses on resting B cells and on EBV and CD40L/IL-4 blasts after 7 days culture. As anticipated, there was considerable overlap in the transcriptomes of the two types of lymphoblasts when compared to the original resting B cells, reflecting common changes associated with lymphocyte activation and proliferation.
Induction of interferon-stimulated genes on the IL-4 response axis by Epstein-Barr virus infected human b cells; relevance to cellular transformation.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles can elicit a range of perturbed cell responses in vitro. Exposure to topically applied sunscreens containing ZnO or TiO2 particles may or may not elicit a biological effect in mice. We aimed to compare the biological responses of immune-competent hairless mice receiving topical applications of commercially available sunscreens with or without metal oxide nanoparticles, with the responses of mice receiving no sunscreen.
Long-term exposure to commercially available sunscreens containing nanoparticles of TiO2 and ZnO revealed no biological impact in a hairless mouse model.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesThe canonical role of eEF1A is to deliver the aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome, we have used the yeast model system to investigate further roles for this protein.
Inappropriate expression of the translation elongation factor 1A disrupts genome stability and metabolism.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe report that CK2 inhibition with CX-4945 broadly suppresses Th17-associated effector and metabolic gene expression. CD4+ T cells were cultured in IL-6, IL-23 and TGFb1 for 72 h, in the absence of presence of 2 mM CX-4945, RNA-seq was performed and gene expression compared between the control and treatment groups. Overall design: RNA-seq was performed on 3 biological replicates in the control and treatment groups.
Protein Kinase CK2 Controls the Fate between Th17 Cell and Regulatory T Cell Differentiation.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesSnail1 is a master factor of epithelial to mesenchymal transitioin (EMT), however, its role in embryonic vascular development is largely undefined. We used microarrays to compare the global programme of gene expression between cultured WT and Snai1 KO embyronic ECs.
A Snail1/Notch1 signalling axis controls embryonic vascular development.
Specimen part
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